Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
1,971
Players in window
88
Teams
22.4
Avg squad size
3
Tournaments
1990, 1998, 2010

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1990,1998,2010

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1990,1998,2010

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern1,542 (78.2%)
Southern429 (21.8%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Oct27 players (10.3%). Range: 1627.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Mar72 players (11.0%). Range: 4572.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Mar67 players (10.4%). Range: 4067.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Jan45 players (10.9%). Range: 2745.

All players

Every player from the 1990, 1998, 2010 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

1,910 / 1,910
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Davor ŠukerCroatiaAttacker1968-01-01Jan16
Salvatore SchillaciItalyAttacker1964-12-01Dec16
Christian VieriItalyAttacker1973-07-12Jul15
David VillaSpainAttacker1981-12-03Dec15
Diego ForlánUruguayAttacker1979-05-19May15
Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaAttacker1969-02-01Feb15
Thomas MüllerGermanyMidfielder1989-09-13Sep15
Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaAttacker1965-09-07Sep15
Wesley SneijderNetherlandsMidfielder1984-06-09Jun15
Roberto BaggioItalyAttacker1967-02-18Feb24
Gary LinekerEnglandAttacker1960-11-30Nov14
Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaAttacker1987-12-10Dec14
Lothar MatthäusCWest GermanyMidfielder1961-03-21Mar14
Luis HernándezMexicoAttacker1968-12-22Dec14
Marcelo SalasChileAttacker1974-12-24Dec14
MíchelSpainMidfielder1963-03-23Mar14
Miroslav KloseGermanyAttacker1978-06-09Jun14
Róbert VittekSlovakiaAttacker1982-04-01Apr14
Roger MillaCameroonAttacker1952-05-20May14
RonaldoBrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep14
BebetoBrazilAttacker1964-02-16Feb23
Thierry HenryCFranceAttacker1977-08-17Aug23
Andreas BrehmeWest GermanyDefender1960-11-09Nov13
Asamoah GyanGhanaAttacker1985-11-22Nov13
César SampaioBrazilMidfielder1968-03-31Mar13
David PlattEnglandMidfielder1966-06-10Jun13
Dennis BergkampNetherlandsAttacker1969-05-10May13
Jürgen KlinsmannWest GermanyAttacker1964-07-30Jul13
Jürgen KlinsmannCGermanyAttacker1964-07-30Jul13
Landon DonovanUnited StatesMidfielder1982-03-04Mar13
Luís FabianoBrazilAttacker1980-11-08Nov13
Luis SuárezUruguayAttacker1987-01-24Jan13
Oliver BierhoffGermanyAttacker1968-05-01May13
RivaldoBrazilMidfielder1972-04-19Apr13
Rudi VöllerWest GermanyAttacker1960-04-13Apr13
Cuauhtémoc BlancoCMexicoAttacker1973-01-17Jan22
Fernando HierroSpainMidfielder1968-03-23Mar22
Marc WilmotsBelgiumMidfielder1969-02-22Feb22
Marius LăcătușRomaniaAttacker1964-04-05Apr22
Samuel Eto'oCCameroonAttacker1981-03-10Mar22
Abdeljalil HaddaMoroccoAttacker1972-03-21Mar12
Alan ShearerCEnglandAttacker1970-08-13Aug12
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May12
Ariel OrtegaArgentinaMidfielder1974-03-04Mar12
Arjen RobbenNetherlandsAttacker1984-01-23Jan12
Bernardo RedínColombiaMidfielder1963-02-26Feb12
Brett HolmanAustraliaAttacker1984-03-27Mar12
Brian LaudrupDenmarkAttacker1969-02-22Feb12
CarecaBrazilAttacker1960-10-05Oct12
Carlos TevezArgentinaAttacker1984-02-05Feb12
Claudio CaniggiaArgentinaAttacker1967-01-09Jan12
Darko PančevYugoslaviaAttacker1965-09-07Sep12
Davor JozićYugoslaviaDefender1960-09-22Sep12
Dragan StojkovićYugoslaviaMidfielder1965-03-03Mar12
ElanoBrazilMidfielder1981-06-14Jun12
Emmanuel PetitFranceMidfielder1970-09-22Sep12
Fernando MorientesSpainAttacker1976-04-05Apr12
Gabi BalintRomaniaAttacker1963-01-03Jan12
Javier HernándezMexicoAttacker1988-06-01Jun12
Kalu UcheNigeriaAttacker1982-11-15Nov12
Keisuke HondaJapanMidfielder1986-06-13Jun12
Lee Chung-yongSouth KoreaAttacker1988-07-02Jul12
Lee Jung-sooSouth KoreaDefender1980-01-08Jan12
Lilian ThuramFranceDefender1972-01-01Jan12
Lukas PodolskiGermanyMidfielder1985-06-04Jun12
Michael OwenEnglandAttacker1979-12-14Dec12
Michal BílekCzechoslovakiaMidfielder1965-04-13Apr12
MüllerBrazilAttacker1966-01-31Jan12
Park Chu-youngSouth KoreaAttacker1985-07-10Jul12
Patrick KluivertNetherlandsAttacker1976-07-01Jul12
Phillip CocuNetherlandsMidfielder1970-10-29Oct12
Ricardo PeláezMexicoAttacker1963-03-14Mar12
Robert ProsinečkiCroatiaMidfielder1969-01-12Jan12
RobinhoBrazilAttacker1984-01-25Jan12
Ronald de BoerNetherlandsMidfielder1970-05-15May12
Salaheddine BassirMoroccoAttacker1972-09-05Sep12
Shaun BartlettSouth AfricaAttacker1972-10-31Oct12
Siniša MihajlovićFR YugoslaviaDefender1969-02-20Feb12
Slobodan KomljenovićFR YugoslaviaDefender1971-01-02Jan12
Theodore WhitmoreJamaicaMidfielder1972-08-05Aug12
TiagoPortugalMidfielder1981-05-02May12
Viorel MoldovanRomaniaAttacker1972-07-08Jul12
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun12
Andi HerzogAustriaMidfielder1968-09-10Sep21
Andoni ZubizarretaCSpainGoalkeeper1961-10-23Oct21
Carlos ValderramaCColombiaMidfielder1961-09-02Sep21
Enzo ScifoBelgiumMidfielder1966-02-19Feb21
François Omam-BiyikCCameroonAttacker1966-05-21May21
Freddy RincónColombiaMidfielder1966-08-14Aug21
Giovanni van BronckhorstCNetherlandsDefender1975-02-05Feb21
John CollinsScotlandMidfielder1968-01-31Jan21
Martin JørgensenDenmarkMidfielder1975-10-06Oct21
Toni PolsterCAustriaAttacker1964-03-10Mar21
Adrian IlieRomaniaAttacker1974-04-20Apr11
Alberto García AspeCMexicoMidfielder1967-05-11May11
Alberto GórrizSpainDefender1958-02-16Feb11
Aldo SerenaItalyAttacker1960-06-25Jun11
Ali Thani JumaaUnited Arab EmiratesMidfielder1968-08-18Aug11
Allan NielsenDenmarkMidfielder1971-03-13Mar11
Álvaro PereiraUruguayDefender1985-11-28Nov11

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record