Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
3,327
Players in window
144
Teams
23.1
Avg squad size
6
Tournaments
1962, 1974, 1982, 1990, 2018, 2022

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1962,1974,1982,1990,2018,2022

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1962,1974,1982,1990,2018,2022

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern2,663 (80.0%)
Southern664 (20.0%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Mar49 players (11.4%). Range: 2349.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Mar119 players (10.9%). Range: 68119.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Sep112 players (11.0%). Range: 61112.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Feb81 players (10.3%). Range: 4881.

All players

Every player from the 1962, 1974, 1982, 1990, 2018, 2022 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

3,040 / 3,040
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec212
Grzegorz LatoPolandAttacker1950-04-08Apr28
Harry KaneCEnglandAttacker1993-07-28Jul28
Lionel MessiCArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun28
Andrzej SzarmachPolandAttacker1950-10-03Oct26
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep16
Salvatore SchillaciItalyAttacker1964-12-01Dec16
Cristiano RonaldoCPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb25
Denis CheryshevRussiaMidfielder1990-12-26Dec15
Johan NeeskensNetherlandsMidfielder1951-09-15Sep15
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeCWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep15
Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaAttacker1965-09-07Sep15
Antoine GriezmannFranceAttacker1991-03-21Mar24
Ivan PerišićCroatiaAttacker1989-02-02Feb24
Lothar MatthäusCWest GermanyMidfielder1961-03-21Mar24
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb24
Olivier GiroudFranceAttacker1986-09-30Sep24
Paul BreitnerWest GermanyDefender1951-09-05Sep24
Roger MillaCameroonAttacker1952-05-20May24
Romelu LukakuBelgiumAttacker1993-05-13May24
Dražan JerkovićYugoslaviaAttacker1936-08-06Aug14
Flórián AlbertHungaryAttacker1941-09-15Sep14
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct14
Gary LinekerEnglandAttacker1960-11-30Nov14
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov14
Johnny RepNetherlandsAttacker1951-11-25Nov14
Julián AlvarezArgentinaAttacker2000-01-31Jan14
Leonel SánchezChileAttacker1936-04-25Apr14
Mario MandžukićCroatiaAttacker1986-05-21May14
MíchelSpainMidfielder1963-03-23Mar14
Ralf EdströmSwedenAttacker1952-10-07Oct14
Valentin IvanovSoviet UnionAttacker1934-11-19Nov14
VaváBrazilAttacker1934-11-12Nov14
Zbigniew BoniekPolandAttacker1956-03-03Mar14
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar14
Aleksandar MitrovićSerbiaAttacker1994-09-16Sep23
Andrej KramarićCroatiaAttacker1991-06-19Jun23
Eden HazardCBelgiumAttacker1991-01-07Jan23
Edinson CavaniUruguayAttacker1987-02-14Feb23
Joe JordanScotlandAttacker1951-12-15Dec23
Marcus RashfordEnglandAttacker1997-10-31Oct23
Pierre LittbarskiWest GermanyMidfielder1960-04-16Apr23
Salem Al-DawsariSaudi ArabiaMidfielder1991-08-19Aug23
Wahbi KhazriTunisiaAttacker1991-02-08Feb23
Youssef En-NesyriMoroccoAttacker1997-06-01Jun23
Adolf SchererCzechoslovakiaAttacker1938-05-05May13
Alain GiresseFranceMidfielder1952-08-02Aug13
Álvaro MorataSpainAttacker1992-10-23Oct13
AmarildoBrazilAttacker1939-06-29Jun13
Andreas BrehmeWest GermanyDefender1960-11-09Nov13
Artem DzyubaRussiaAttacker1988-08-22Aug13
Bukayo SakaEnglandAttacker2001-09-05Sep13
Cody GakpoNetherlandsAttacker1999-05-07May13
David PlattEnglandMidfielder1966-06-10Jun13
Diego CostaSpainAttacker1988-10-07Oct13
Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaAttacker1948-12-10Dec13
Enner ValenciaCEcuadorAttacker1989-11-04Nov13
FalcãoBrazilMidfielder1953-10-16Oct13
Gerry ArmstrongNorthern IrelandAttacker1954-05-23May13
Gonçalo RamosPortugalAttacker2001-06-20Jun13
Johan CruyffCNetherlandsMidfielder1947-04-25Apr13
Jürgen KlinsmannWest GermanyAttacker1964-07-30Jul13
Kazimierz DeynaCPolandMidfielder1947-10-23Oct13
Lajos TichyHungaryMidfielder1935-03-21Mar13
László KissHungaryAttacker1956-03-12Mar13
Milan GalićCYugoslaviaMidfielder1938-03-08Mar13
René HousemanArgentinaMidfielder1953-07-19Jul13
RicharlisonBrazilAttacker1997-05-10May13
RivellinoBrazilMidfielder1946-01-01Jan13
Rudi VöllerWest GermanyAttacker1960-04-13Apr13
Yerry MinaColombiaDefender1994-09-23Sep13
Ángel Di MaríaArgentinaMidfielder1988-02-14Feb22
Breel EmboloSwitzerlandAttacker1997-02-14Feb22
Bruno FernandesPortugalMidfielder1994-09-08Sep22
Bryan RobsonCEnglandMidfielder1957-01-11Jan22
Diego MaradonaCArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct22
Ivica ŠurjakCYugoslaviaAttacker1953-03-23Mar22
John StonesEnglandDefender1994-05-28May22
Kim Young-gwonSouth KoreaDefender1990-02-27Feb22
Luis SuárezUruguayAttacker1987-01-24Jan22
Luka ModrićCCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep22
Mehdi TaremiIranAttacker1992-07-18Jul22
Michy BatshuayiBelgiumAttacker1993-10-02Oct22
PepePortugalDefender1983-02-26Feb22
Robert LewandowskiCPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug22
Son Heung-minCSouth KoreaAttacker1992-07-08Jul22
Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandMidfielder1991-10-10Oct22
Ahmed MusaNigeriaAttacker1992-10-14Oct12
Andreas GranqvistCSwedenDefender1985-04-16Apr12
Antonín PanenkaCzechoslovakiaMidfielder1948-12-02Dec12
Bernard GenghiniFranceMidfielder1958-01-18Jan12
Bernardo RedínColombiaMidfielder1963-02-26Feb12
Billy HamiltonNorthern IrelandAttacker1957-05-09May12
CarecaBrazilAttacker1960-10-05Oct12
Cho Gue-sungSouth KoreaAttacker1998-01-25Jan12
Claudio CaniggiaArgentinaAttacker1967-01-09Jan12
Daniel BertoniArgentinaAttacker1955-03-14Mar12
Daniel PassarellaCArgentinaDefender1953-05-25May12
Darko PančevYugoslaviaAttacker1965-09-07Sep12
Davor JozićYugoslaviaDefender1960-09-22Sep12

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record