Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
3,007
Players in window
128
Teams
23.5
Avg squad size
5
Tournaments
1958, 1962, 2006, 2010, 2022

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1958,1962,2006,2010,2022

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1958,1962,2006,2010,2022

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern2,401 (79.8%)
Southern606 (20.2%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Mar39 players (10.3%). Range: 2539.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Jan102 players (10.5%). Range: 68102.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Jan96 players (10.8%). Range: 5796.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Oct78 players (10.2%). Range: 4178.

All players

Every player from the 1958, 1962, 2006, 2010, 2022 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

2,746 / 2,746
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Just FontaineFranceAttacker1933-08-18Aug113
Miroslav KloseGermanyAttacker1978-06-09Jun29
VaváBrazilAttacker1934-11-12Nov29
Lionel MessiCArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun38
David VillaSpainAttacker1981-12-03Dec28
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec18
Lajos TichyHungaryAttacker1935-03-21Mar27
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct27
Helmut RahnWest GermanyAttacker1929-08-16Aug16
Lukas PodolskiGermanyAttacker1985-06-04Jun25
Thomas MüllerGermanyMidfielder1989-09-13Sep25
Valentin IvanovSoviet UnionAttacker1934-11-19Nov25
Wesley SneijderNetherlandsMidfielder1984-06-09Jun25
Diego ForlánUruguayAttacker1979-05-19May15
Peter McParlandNorthern IrelandAttacker1934-04-25Apr15
Asamoah GyanGhanaAttacker1985-11-22Nov24
Dražan JerkovićYugoslaviaAttacker1936-08-06Aug24
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct24
Uwe SeelerWest GermanyAttacker1936-11-05Nov24
Agne SimonssonSwedenAttacker1935-10-19Oct14
Flórián AlbertHungaryAttacker1941-09-15Sep14
Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaAttacker1987-12-10Dec14
Julián AlvarezArgentinaAttacker2000-01-31Jan14
Kurt HamrinSwedenMidfielder1934-11-19Nov14
Leonel SánchezChileAttacker1936-04-25Apr14
Olivier GiroudFranceAttacker1986-09-30Sep14
Róbert VittekSlovakiaAttacker1982-04-01Apr14
Zdeněk ZikánCzechoslovakiaAttacker1937-11-10Nov14
Cristiano RonaldoCPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb33
Adolf SchererCzechoslovakiaMidfielder1938-05-05May23
Arjen RobbenNetherlandsMidfielder1984-01-23Jan23
Carlos TevezArgentinaAttacker1984-02-05Feb23
Fernando TorresSpainAttacker1984-03-20Mar23
Hans SchäferCWest GermanyAttacker1927-10-19Oct23
Landon DonovanUnited StatesAttacker1982-03-04Mar23
Luis SuárezUruguayAttacker1987-01-24Jan23
Maxi RodríguezArgentinaMidfielder1981-01-02Jan23
Steven GerrardCEnglandMidfielder1980-05-30May23
Thierry HenryCFranceAttacker1977-08-17Aug23
Tim CahillAustraliaMidfielder1979-12-06Dec23
Álvaro MorataSpainAttacker1992-10-23Oct13
AmarildoBrazilAttacker1939-06-29Jun13
Bukayo SakaEnglandAttacker2001-09-05Sep13
Cody GakpoNetherlandsAttacker1999-05-07May13
Enner ValenciaCEcuadorAttacker1989-11-04Nov13
Gonçalo RamosPortugalAttacker2001-06-20Jun13
Hernán CrespoArgentinaAttacker1975-07-05Jul13
Luís FabianoBrazilAttacker1980-11-08Nov13
Marcus RashfordEnglandAttacker1997-10-31Oct13
Milan GalićCYugoslaviaMidfielder1938-03-08Mar13
Oreste CorbattaArgentinaAttacker1936-03-11Mar13
Raymond KopaFranceMidfielder1931-10-13Oct13
RicharlisonBrazilAttacker1997-05-10May13
Roger PiantoniFranceAttacker1931-12-26Dec13
RonaldoBrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep13
Todor VeselinovićYugoslaviaAttacker1930-10-22Oct13
Zinedine ZidaneCFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun13
Alexander FreiCSwitzerlandAttacker1979-07-15Jul22
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May22
Aruna DindaneIvory CoastAttacker1980-11-26Nov22
Bastian SchweinsteigerGermanyMidfielder1984-08-01Aug22
Clint DempseyUnited StatesMidfielder1983-03-09Mar22
Didier DrogbaCIvory CoastAttacker1978-03-11Mar22
Mário ZagalloBrazilAttacker1931-08-09Aug22
Park Chu-youngSouth KoreaAttacker1985-07-10Jul22
Park Ji-sungCSouth KoreaMidfielder1981-03-30Mar22
Rafael MárquezCMexicoDefender1979-02-13Feb22
Robin van PersieNetherlandsAttacker1983-08-06Aug22
RobinhoBrazilAttacker1984-01-25Jan22
SimãoPortugalAttacker1979-10-31Oct22
Sulley MuntariGhanaMidfielder1984-08-27Aug22
TiagoPortugalMidfielder1981-05-02May22
Vincent AboubakarCCameroonAttacker1992-01-22Jan22
Vincenzo IaquintaItalyAttacker1979-11-21Nov22
AdrianoBrazilAttacker1982-02-17Feb12
Agustín DelgadoEcuadorAttacker1974-12-23Dec12
Aleksandar MitrovićSerbiaAttacker1994-09-16Sep12
Aleksandar PetakovićYugoslaviaAttacker1930-02-06Feb12
Anatoli IlyinSoviet UnionAttacker1931-06-27Jun12
Andrej KramarićCroatiaAttacker1991-06-19Jun12
Andriy ShevchenkoCUkraineAttacker1976-09-29Sep12
Bartosz BosackiPolandDefender1975-12-20Dec12
Breel EmboloSwitzerlandAttacker1997-02-14Feb12
Brett HolmanAustraliaAttacker1984-03-27Mar12
Bruno FernandesPortugalMidfielder1994-09-08Sep12
Carlos TenorioEcuadorAttacker1979-05-14May12
Cho Gue-sungSouth KoreaAttacker1998-01-25Jan12
Derek KevanEnglandAttacker1935-03-06Mar12
Eladio RojasChileMidfielder1934-11-08Nov12
ElanoBrazilMidfielder1981-06-14Jun12
Enzo FernándezArgentinaMidfielder2001-01-17Jan12
Ferran TorresSpainAttacker2000-02-29Feb12
Florencio AmarillaParaguayAttacker1935-01-03Jan12
Giacomo BulgarelliItalyMidfielder1940-10-24Oct12
Giorgian de ArrascaetaUruguayMidfielder1994-06-01Jun12
Harry KaneCEnglandAttacker1993-07-28Jul12
Igor ChislenkoSoviet UnionMidfielder1939-09-08Sep12
Ivor AllchurchWalesAttacker1929-10-16Oct12
Jaime RamírezChileAttacker1931-08-14Aug12
Javier HernándezMexicoAttacker1988-06-01Jun12

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record