Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
3,501
Players in window
152
Teams
23.0
Avg squad size
7
Tournaments
1958, 1962, 1966, 1974, 1982, 2006, 2022

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1958,1962,1966,1974,1982,2006,2022

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1958,1962,1966,1974,1982,2006,2022

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern2,772 (79.2%)
Southern729 (20.8%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Mar46 players (10.3%). Range: 2646.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Jan117 players (10.5%). Range: 81117.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Jan110 players (10.9%). Range: 64110.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Oct99 players (10.7%). Range: 5599.

All players

Every player from the 1958, 1962, 1966, 1974, 1982, 2006, 2022 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

3,276 / 3,276
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Just FontaineFranceAttacker1933-08-18Aug113
VaváBrazilAttacker1934-11-12Nov29
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan19
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct38
Grzegorz LatoPolandAttacker1950-04-08Apr28
Lionel MessiCArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun28
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec18
Lajos TichyHungaryAttacker1935-03-21Mar37
Uwe SeelerCWest GermanyAttacker1936-11-05Nov36
Andrzej SzarmachPolandAttacker1950-10-03Oct26
Helmut HallerWest GermanyAttacker1939-07-21Jul26
Helmut RahnWest GermanyAttacker1929-08-16Aug16
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep16
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct35
Valentin IvanovSoviet UnionAttacker1934-11-19Nov25
Johan NeeskensNetherlandsMidfielder1951-09-15Sep15
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeCWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep15
Miroslav KloseGermanyAttacker1978-06-09Jun15
Peter McParlandNorthern IrelandAttacker1934-04-25Apr15
Bobby CharltonEnglandAttacker1937-10-11Oct34
Dražan JerkovićYugoslaviaAttacker1936-08-06Aug24
Flórián AlbertHungaryAttacker1941-09-15Sep24
Franz BeckenbauerCWest GermanyMidfielder1945-09-11Sep24
Igor ChislenkoSoviet UnionMidfielder1939-09-08Sep24
Leonel SánchezCChileAttacker1936-04-25Apr24
Paul BreitnerWest GermanyDefender1951-09-05Sep24
Agne SimonssonSwedenAttacker1935-10-19Oct14
Ferenc BeneHungaryAttacker1944-12-17Dec14
Geoff HurstEnglandAttacker1941-12-08Dec14
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov14
Johnny RepNetherlandsAttacker1951-11-25Nov14
Julián AlvarezArgentinaAttacker2000-01-31Jan14
Kurt HamrinSwedenMidfielder1934-11-19Nov14
Olivier GiroudFranceAttacker1986-09-30Sep14
Ralf EdströmSwedenAttacker1952-10-07Oct14
Valeriy PorkujanSoviet UnionAttacker1944-10-04Oct14
Zbigniew BoniekPolandAttacker1956-03-03Mar14
Zdeněk ZikánCzechoslovakiaAttacker1937-11-10Nov14
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar14
Adolf SchererCzechoslovakiaMidfielder1938-05-05May23
Hans SchäferCWest GermanyAttacker1927-10-19Oct23
Joe JordanScotlandAttacker1951-12-15Dec23
Roger HuntEnglandAttacker1938-07-20Jul23
Alain GiresseFranceMidfielder1952-08-02Aug13
Álvaro MorataSpainAttacker1992-10-23Oct13
AmarildoBrazilAttacker1939-06-29Jun13
Bukayo SakaEnglandAttacker2001-09-05Sep13
Cody GakpoNetherlandsAttacker1999-05-07May13
David VillaSpainAttacker1981-12-03Dec13
Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaAttacker1948-12-10Dec13
Enner ValenciaCEcuadorAttacker1989-11-04Nov13
FalcãoBrazilMidfielder1953-10-16Oct13
Fernando TorresSpainAttacker1984-03-20Mar13
Gerry ArmstrongNorthern IrelandAttacker1954-05-23May13
Gonçalo RamosPortugalAttacker2001-06-20Jun13
Hernán CrespoArgentinaAttacker1975-07-05Jul13
Johan CruyffCNetherlandsMidfielder1947-04-25Apr13
José AugustoPortugalMidfielder1937-04-13Apr13
José TorresPortugalAttacker1938-09-08Sep13
Kazimierz DeynaCPolandMidfielder1947-10-23Oct13
László KissHungaryAttacker1956-03-12Mar13
Luis ArtimeArgentinaAttacker1938-12-02Dec13
Lukas PodolskiGermanyAttacker1985-06-04Jun13
Marcus RashfordEnglandAttacker1997-10-31Oct13
Maxi RodríguezArgentinaMidfielder1981-01-02Jan13
Milan GalićCYugoslaviaMidfielder1938-03-08Mar13
Oreste CorbattaArgentinaAttacker1936-03-11Mar13
Raymond KopaFranceMidfielder1931-10-13Oct13
René HousemanArgentinaMidfielder1953-07-19Jul13
RicharlisonBrazilAttacker1997-05-10May13
RivellinoBrazilMidfielder1946-01-01Jan13
Roger PiantoniFranceAttacker1931-12-26Dec13
RonaldoBrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep13
Thierry HenryFranceAttacker1977-08-17Aug13
Todor VeselinovićYugoslaviaAttacker1930-10-22Oct13
Zinedine ZidaneCFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun13
Cristiano RonaldoCPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb22
Giacomo BulgarelliItalyMidfielder1940-10-24Oct22
Ivica ŠurjakCYugoslaviaAttacker1953-03-23Mar22
Jaime RamírezChileAttacker1931-08-14Aug22
JairzinhoBrazilMidfielder1944-12-25Dec22
José SasíaUruguayAttacker1933-12-27Dec22
JuanitoSpainAttacker1954-11-10Nov22
Kálmán MészölyHungaryDefender1941-07-16Jul22
Mário ZagalloBrazilAttacker1931-08-09Aug22
Ron FlowersEnglandMidfielder1934-07-28Jul22
Wolfgang OverathWest GermanyMidfielder1943-09-29Sep22
AdrianoBrazilAttacker1982-02-17Feb12
Agustín DelgadoEcuadorAttacker1974-12-23Dec12
Aleksandar MitrovićSerbiaAttacker1994-09-16Sep12
Aleksandar PetakovićYugoslaviaAttacker1930-02-06Feb12
Alexander FreiSwitzerlandAttacker1979-07-15Jul12
Anatoli IlyinSoviet UnionAttacker1931-06-27Jun12
Anatoliy BanishevskiySoviet UnionAttacker1946-02-23Feb12
Andrej KramarićCroatiaAttacker1991-06-19Jun12
Andriy ShevchenkoCUkraineAttacker1976-09-29Sep12
Antonín PanenkaCzechoslovakiaMidfielder1948-12-02Dec12
Aruna DindaneIvory CoastAttacker1980-11-26Nov12
Bartosz BosackiPolandDefender1975-12-20Dec12
Bastian SchweinsteigerGermanyMidfielder1984-08-01Aug12

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record