Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
3,845
Players in window
165
Teams
23.3
Avg squad size
6
Tournaments
1950, 1986, 2002, 2010, 2014, 2022

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1950,1986,2002,2010,2014,2022

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1950,1986,2002,2010,2014,2022

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern3,036 (79.0%)
Southern809 (21.0%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Apr60 players (12.4%). Range: 3160.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Feb120 players (9.7%). Range: 87120.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Jan138 players (11.1%). Range: 80138.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Jan86 players (9.9%). Range: 5586.

All players

Every player from the 1950, 1986, 2002, 2010, 2014, 2022 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

3,469 / 3,469
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Lionel MessiCArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun311
Miroslav KloseGermanyAttacker1978-06-09Jun311
Thomas MüllerGermanyMidfielder1989-09-13Sep310
AdemirBrazilAttacker1922-11-06Nov19
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec18
RonaldoBrazilAttacker1976-09-18Sep18
Diego ForlánUruguayAttacker1979-05-19May36
David VillaSpainAttacker1981-12-03Dec26
Enner ValenciaCEcuadorAttacker1989-11-04Nov26
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb26
Wesley SneijderNetherlandsMidfielder1984-06-09Jun26
Gary LinekerEnglandAttacker1960-11-30Nov16
James RodríguezColombiaMidfielder1991-07-12Jul16
Luis SuárezUruguayAttacker1987-01-24Jan35
Arjen RobbenNetherlandsAttacker1984-01-23Jan25
Asamoah GyanCGhanaAttacker1985-11-22Nov25
Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaAttacker1987-12-10Dec25
Jon Dahl TomassonCDenmarkAttacker1976-08-29Aug25
Landon DonovanUnited StatesAttacker1982-03-04Mar25
Olivier GiroudFranceAttacker1986-09-30Sep25
Robin van PersieCNetherlandsAttacker1983-08-06Aug25
CarecaBrazilAttacker1960-10-05Oct15
Diego MaradonaCArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct15
Emilio ButragueñoSpainAttacker1963-07-22Jul15
Oscar MíguezUruguayAttacker1927-12-05Dec15
RivaldoBrazilMidfielder1972-04-19Apr15
Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandMidfielder1991-10-10Oct34
Alcides GhiggiaUruguayAttacker1926-12-22Dec14
Alessandro AltobelliItalyAttacker1955-11-28Nov14
ChicoBrazilAttacker1922-01-07Jan14
Christian VieriItalyAttacker1973-07-12Jul14
Estanislau BasoraSpainAttacker1926-11-18Nov14
Ihor BelanovSoviet UnionMidfielder1960-09-25Sep14
Jorge ValdanoArgentinaAttacker1955-10-04Oct14
Julián AlvarezArgentinaAttacker2000-01-31Jan14
Preben ElkjærDenmarkAttacker1957-09-11Sep14
Róbert VittekSlovakiaAttacker1982-04-01Apr14
Telmo ZarraSpainAttacker1921-01-20Jan14
André AyewCGhanaMidfielder1989-12-17Dec33
Cristiano RonaldoCPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb33
Javier HernándezMexicoMidfielder1961-08-01Aug33
Samuel Eto'oCCameroonAttacker1981-03-10Mar33
Clint DempseyCUnited StatesMidfielder1983-03-09Mar23
Ivan PerišićCroatiaAttacker1989-02-02Feb23
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec23
Keisuke HondaJapanMidfielder1986-06-13Jun23
Memphis DepayNetherlandsAttacker1994-02-13Feb23
Tim CahillAustraliaMidfielder1979-12-06Dec23
Álvaro MorataSpainAttacker1992-10-23Oct13
André SchürrleGermanyAttacker1990-11-06Nov13
Bukayo SakaEnglandAttacker2001-09-05Sep13
Cody GakpoNetherlandsAttacker1999-05-07May13
Fernando MorientesSpainAttacker1976-04-05Apr13
Gonçalo RamosPortugalAttacker2001-06-20Jun13
Henrik LarssonSwedenAttacker1971-09-20Sep13
İlhan MansızTurkeyAttacker1975-08-10Aug13
Jan CeulemansCBelgiumMidfielder1957-02-28Feb13
Jesper OlsenDenmarkMidfielder1961-03-20Mar13
Juan Alberto SchiaffinoUruguayAttacker1925-07-28Jul13
Karl-Erik PalmérSwedenAttacker1929-04-17Apr13
Luís FabianoBrazilAttacker1980-11-08Nov13
Marc WilmotsCBelgiumAttacker1969-02-22Feb13
Marcus RashfordEnglandAttacker1997-10-31Oct13
Michael BallackGermanyMidfielder1976-09-26Sep13
Nico ClaesenBelgiumAttacker1962-10-07Oct13
Papa Bouba DiopSenegalMidfielder1978-01-28Jan13
PauletaPortugalAttacker1973-04-28Apr13
RaúlSpainAttacker1977-06-27Jun13
RicharlisonBrazilAttacker1997-05-10May13
Robbie KeaneRepublic of IrelandAttacker1980-07-08Jul13
Rudi VöllerWest GermanyAttacker1960-04-13Apr13
Stig SundqvistSwedenAttacker1922-07-19Jul13
Ángel Di MaríaArgentinaMidfielder1988-02-14Feb32
Edinson CavaniUruguayAttacker1987-02-14Feb32
Rafael MárquezCMexicoDefender1979-02-13Feb32
Vincent AboubakarCCameroonAttacker1992-01-22Jan32
Ahn Jung-hwanSouth KoreaAttacker1976-01-27Jan22
Alexis SánchezChileAttacker1988-12-19Dec22
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May22
Bryan RuizCCosta RicaAttacker1985-08-18Aug22
Carles PuyolSpainDefender1978-04-13Apr22
Cuauhtémoc BlancoCMexicoAttacker1973-01-17Jan22
Daley BlindNetherlandsDefender1990-03-09Mar22
Dennis RommedahlDenmarkMidfielder1978-07-22Jul22
GervinhoIvory CoastAttacker1987-05-27May22
Ivica OlićCroatiaAttacker1979-09-14Sep22
Jean BeausejourChileDefender1984-06-01Jun22
Junichi InamotoJapanMidfielder1979-09-18Sep22
Klaas-Jan HuntelaarNetherlandsAttacker1983-08-12Aug22
Lee Chung-yongSouth KoreaAttacker1988-07-02Jul22
Lukas PodolskiGermanyMidfielder1985-06-04Jun22
Mario GötzeGermanyMidfielder1992-06-03Jun22
Mesut ÖzilGermanyMidfielder1988-10-15Oct22
OscarBrazilDefender1954-06-20Jun22
Park Chu-youngSouth KoreaAttacker1985-07-10Jul22
Park Ji-sungCSouth KoreaMidfielder1981-03-30Mar22
Sami KhediraGermanyMidfielder1987-04-04Apr22
Shinji OkazakiJapanAttacker1986-04-16Apr22
Toni KroosGermanyMidfielder1990-01-04Jan22
Abdelmoumene DjabouAlgeriaMidfielder1987-01-31Jan12

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record