Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
2,546
Players in window
109
Teams
23.4
Avg squad size
5
Tournaments
1950, 1958, 1970, 2018, 2022

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1950,1958,1970,2018,2022

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1950,1958,1970,2018,2022

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern2,061 (81.0%)
Southern485 (19.0%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Mar37 players (11.8%). Range: 1737.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Jan88 players (11.2%). Range: 5088.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Feb89 players (12.0%). Range: 4389.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Feb75 players (10.8%). Range: 4775.

All players

Every player from the 1950, 1958, 1970, 2018, 2022 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

2,293 / 2,293
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Just FontaineFranceAttacker1933-08-18Aug113
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec212
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct210
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov110
AdemirBrazilAttacker1922-11-06Nov19
Harry KaneCEnglandAttacker1993-07-28Jul28
Lionel MessiCArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun28
JairzinhoBrazilAttacker1944-12-25Dec17
Helmut RahnWest GermanyAttacker1929-08-16Aug16
Cristiano RonaldoCPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb25
Uwe SeelerCWest GermanyAttacker1936-11-05Nov25
Denis CheryshevRussiaMidfielder1990-12-26Dec15
Oscar MíguezUruguayAttacker1927-12-05Dec15
Peter McParlandNorthern IrelandAttacker1934-04-25Apr15
Teófilo CubillasPeruAttacker1949-03-08Mar15
VaváBrazilAttacker1934-11-12Nov15
Antoine GriezmannFranceAttacker1991-03-21Mar24
Ivan PerišićCroatiaAttacker1989-02-02Feb24
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb24
Olivier GiroudFranceAttacker1986-09-30Sep24
Romelu LukakuBelgiumAttacker1993-05-13May24
Agne SimonssonSwedenAttacker1935-10-19Oct14
Alcides GhiggiaUruguayAttacker1926-12-22Dec14
Anatoliy ByshovetsSoviet UnionAttacker1946-04-23Apr14
ChicoBrazilAttacker1922-01-07Jan14
Estanislau BasoraSpainAttacker1926-11-18Nov14
Julián AlvarezArgentinaAttacker2000-01-31Jan14
Kurt HamrinSwedenMidfielder1934-11-19Nov14
Lajos TichyHungaryAttacker1935-03-21Mar14
Mario MandžukićCroatiaAttacker1986-05-21May14
Telmo ZarraSpainAttacker1921-01-20Jan14
Zdeněk ZikánCzechoslovakiaAttacker1937-11-10Nov14
Aleksandar MitrovićSerbiaAttacker1994-09-16Sep23
Andrej KramarićCroatiaAttacker1991-06-19Jun23
Eden HazardCBelgiumAttacker1991-01-07Jan23
Edinson CavaniUruguayAttacker1987-02-14Feb23
Marcus RashfordEnglandAttacker1997-10-31Oct23
Salem Al-DawsariSaudi ArabiaMidfielder1991-08-19Aug23
Wahbi KhazriTunisiaAttacker1991-02-08Feb23
Youssef En-NesyriMoroccoAttacker1997-06-01Jun23
Álvaro MorataSpainAttacker1992-10-23Oct13
Artem DzyubaRussiaAttacker1988-08-22Aug13
Bukayo SakaEnglandAttacker2001-09-05Sep13
Cody GakpoNetherlandsAttacker1999-05-07May13
Diego CostaSpainAttacker1988-10-07Oct13
Enner ValenciaCEcuadorAttacker1989-11-04Nov13
Gigi RivaItalyAttacker1944-11-07Nov13
Gonçalo RamosPortugalAttacker2001-06-20Jun13
Hans SchäferCWest GermanyAttacker1927-10-19Oct13
Juan Alberto SchiaffinoUruguayAttacker1925-07-28Jul13
Karl-Erik PalmérSwedenAttacker1929-04-17Apr13
Oreste CorbattaArgentinaAttacker1936-03-11Mar13
Raymond KopaFranceMidfielder1931-10-13Oct13
RicharlisonBrazilAttacker1997-05-10May13
RivellinoBrazilMidfielder1946-01-01Jan13
Roger PiantoniFranceAttacker1931-12-26Dec13
Stig SundqvistSwedenAttacker1922-07-19Jul13
Todor VeselinovićYugoslaviaAttacker1930-10-22Oct13
Yerry MinaColombiaDefender1994-09-23Sep13
Ángel Di MaríaArgentinaMidfielder1988-02-14Feb22
Breel EmboloSwitzerlandAttacker1997-02-14Feb22
Bruno FernandesPortugalMidfielder1994-09-08Sep22
John StonesEnglandDefender1994-05-28May22
Kim Young-gwonSouth KoreaDefender1990-02-27Feb22
Luis SuárezUruguayAttacker1987-01-24Jan22
Luka ModrićCCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep22
Mehdi TaremiIranAttacker1992-07-18Jul22
Michy BatshuayiBelgiumAttacker1993-10-02Oct22
PepePortugalDefender1983-02-26Feb22
Robert LewandowskiCPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug22
Son Heung-minCSouth KoreaAttacker1992-07-08Jul22
Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandMidfielder1991-10-10Oct22
Ahmed MusaNigeriaAttacker1992-10-14Oct12
Alberto GallardoPeruMidfielder1940-11-28Nov12
Aleksandar PetakovićYugoslaviaAttacker1930-02-06Feb12
Anatoli IlyinSoviet UnionAttacker1931-06-27Jun12
Andreas GranqvistCSwedenDefender1985-04-16Apr12
Atilio CremaschiChileAttacker1923-03-08Mar12
BaltazarBrazilAttacker1926-01-14Jan12
Cho Gue-sungSouth KoreaAttacker1998-01-25Jan12
Derek KevanEnglandAttacker1935-03-06Mar12
Enzo FernándezArgentinaMidfielder2001-01-17Jan12
Ferran TorresSpainAttacker2000-02-29Feb12
Florea DumitracheRomaniaAttacker1948-05-22May12
Florencio AmarillaParaguayAttacker1935-01-03Jan12
Gianni RiveraItalyMidfielder1943-08-18Aug12
Giorgian de ArrascaetaUruguayMidfielder1994-06-01Jun12
Hasse JeppsonSwedenAttacker1925-05-10May12
Ivor AllchurchWalesAttacker1929-10-16Oct12
Jacques FattonSwitzerlandAttacker1925-12-19Dec12
JairBrazilAttacker1921-03-21Mar12
Javier ValdiviaMexicoAttacker1941-12-04Dec12
Jorge Lino RomeroParaguayAttacker1937-09-23Sep12
José AltafiniBrazilAttacker1938-07-24Jul12
José ParodiParaguayAttacker1932-08-30Aug12
Juan Bautista AgüeroCParaguayAttacker1935-06-24Jun12
Kai HavertzGermanyAttacker1999-06-11Jun12
Kosta TomaševićYugoslaviaAttacker1923-07-25Jul12
Ladislav PetrášCzechoslovakiaAttacker1946-12-01Dec12
Maryan WisnieskiFranceAttacker1937-02-01Feb12

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record