Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
3,900
Players in window
175
Teams
22.3
Avg squad size
8
Tournaments
1938, 1958, 1962, 1974, 1982, 1994, 2006, 2018

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1938,1958,1962,1974,1982,1994,2006,2018

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1938,1958,1962,1974,1982,1994,2006,2018

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern3,164 (81.1%)
Southern736 (18.9%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Mar51 players (10.1%). Range: 3051.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Jan124 players (10.2%). Range: 80124.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Sep114 players (10.1%). Range: 69114.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Oct107 players (10.3%). Range: 76107.

All players

Every player from the 1938, 1958, 1962, 1974, 1982, 1994, 2006, 2018 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

3,765 / 3,765
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Just FontaineFranceAttacker1933-08-18Aug113
VaváBrazilAttacker1934-11-12Nov29
Grzegorz LatoPolandAttacker1950-04-08Apr28
Lajos TichyHungaryAttacker1935-03-21Mar27
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct27
LeônidasBrazilAttacker1913-09-06Sep17
Andrzej SzarmachPolandAttacker1950-10-03Oct26
Harry KaneCEnglandAttacker1993-07-28Jul16
Helmut RahnWest GermanyAttacker1929-08-16Aug16
Hristo StoichkovBulgariaAttacker1966-02-08Feb16
Oleg SalenkoRussiaAttacker1969-10-25Oct16
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep16
Cristiano RonaldoCPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb25
Valentin IvanovSoviet UnionAttacker1934-11-19Nov25
Denis CheryshevRussiaMidfielder1990-12-26Dec15
György SárosiCHungaryAttacker1912-09-15Sep15
Gyula ZsengellérHungaryAttacker1915-12-27Dec15
Johan NeeskensNetherlandsMidfielder1951-09-15Sep15
Jürgen KlinsmannGermanyAttacker1964-07-30Jul15
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeCWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep15
Kennet AnderssonSwedenAttacker1967-10-06Oct15
Miroslav KloseGermanyAttacker1978-06-09Jun15
Peter McParlandNorthern IrelandAttacker1934-04-25Apr15
Roberto BaggioItalyAttacker1967-02-18Feb15
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan15
Silvio PiolaItalyAttacker1913-09-29Sep15
Dražan JerkovićYugoslaviaAttacker1936-08-06Aug24
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct24
Paul BreitnerWest GermanyDefender1951-09-05Sep24
Uwe SeelerWest GermanyAttacker1936-11-05Nov24
Agne SimonssonSwedenAttacker1935-10-19Oct14
Antoine GriezmannFranceAttacker1991-03-21Mar14
Ernst WilimowskiPolandAttacker1916-06-23Jun14
Flórián AlbertHungaryAttacker1941-09-15Sep14
Florin RăducioiuRomaniaAttacker1970-03-17Mar14
Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaAttacker1969-02-01Feb14
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov14
Gino ColaussiItalyAttacker1914-03-04Mar14
Gustav WetterströmSwedenAttacker1911-10-15Oct14
Johnny RepNetherlandsAttacker1951-11-25Nov14
Kurt HamrinSwedenMidfielder1934-11-19Nov14
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec14
Leonel SánchezChileAttacker1936-04-25Apr14
Mario MandžukićCroatiaAttacker1986-05-21May14
Martin DahlinSwedenAttacker1968-04-16Apr14
Ralf EdströmSwedenAttacker1952-10-07Oct14
Romelu LukakuBelgiumAttacker1993-05-13May14
Zbigniew BoniekPolandAttacker1956-03-03Mar14
Zdeněk ZikánCzechoslovakiaAttacker1937-11-10Nov14
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar14
Adolf SchererCzechoslovakiaMidfielder1938-05-05May23
Diego MaradonaCArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct23
Hans SchäferCWest GermanyAttacker1927-10-19Oct23
Joe JordanScotlandAttacker1951-12-15Dec23
RonaldoBrazilAttacker1976-09-18Sep23
Alain GiresseFranceMidfielder1952-08-02Aug13
AmarildoBrazilAttacker1939-06-29Jun13
André AbegglenSwitzerlandAttacker1909-03-07Mar13
Arne NybergSwedenAttacker1913-06-20Jun13
Artem DzyubaRussiaAttacker1988-08-22Aug13
BebetoBrazilAttacker1964-02-16Feb13
David VillaSpainAttacker1981-12-03Dec13
Dennis BergkampNetherlandsAttacker1969-05-10May13
Diego CostaSpainAttacker1988-10-07Oct13
Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaAttacker1948-12-10Dec13
Eden HazardCBelgiumAttacker1991-01-07Jan13
Edinson CavaniUruguayAttacker1987-02-14Feb13
FalcãoBrazilMidfielder1953-10-16Oct13
Fernando TorresSpainAttacker1984-03-20Mar13
Gerry ArmstrongNorthern IrelandAttacker1954-05-23May13
Gheorghe HagiCRomaniaMidfielder1965-02-05Feb13
Hernán CrespoArgentinaAttacker1975-07-05Jul13
Ivan PerišićCroatiaAttacker1989-02-02Feb13
Johan CruyffCNetherlandsMidfielder1947-04-25Apr13
José Luis CamineroSpainMidfielder1967-11-08Nov13
Kazimierz DeynaCPolandMidfielder1947-10-23Oct13
László KissHungaryAttacker1956-03-12Mar13
Lukas PodolskiGermanyAttacker1985-06-04Jun13
Maxi RodríguezArgentinaMidfielder1981-01-02Jan13
Milan GalićCYugoslaviaMidfielder1938-03-08Mar13
Oreste CorbattaArgentinaAttacker1936-03-11Mar13
PerácioBrazilAttacker1917-11-02Nov13
Raymond KopaFranceMidfielder1931-10-13Oct13
René HousemanArgentinaMidfielder1953-07-19Jul13
RivellinoBrazilMidfielder1946-01-01Jan13
Roger PiantoniFranceAttacker1931-12-26Dec13
Thierry HenryFranceAttacker1977-08-17Aug13
Todor VeselinovićYugoslaviaAttacker1930-10-22Oct13
Tomas BrolinSwedenAttacker1969-11-29Nov13
Yerry MinaColombiaDefender1994-09-23Sep13
Zinedine ZidaneCFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun13
Henrik LarssonSwedenAttacker1971-09-20Sep22
Ivica ŠurjakCYugoslaviaAttacker1953-03-23Mar22
JuanitoSpainAttacker1954-11-10Nov22
Lionel MessiCArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun22
Luka ModrićCCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep22
Mário ZagalloBrazilAttacker1931-08-09Aug22
Sami Al-JaberCSaudi ArabiaAttacker1972-12-11Dec22
Tim CahillAustraliaMidfielder1979-12-06Dec22
Adolfo ValenciaColombiaAttacker1968-02-06Feb12

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record