Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

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'30s

1930 1934 1938

'50s

'60s

'70s

'80s

'90s

'00s

'10s

'20s

596

Players in window

Teams

21.3

Avg squad size

Tournaments

1938, 1950

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role

GET /aggregates/players?years=1938,1950

By confederation

Where the players come from

GET /aggregates/players?years=1938,1950

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams

Northern466 (78.2%)

Southern130 (21.8%)

ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker

Lev Yashin· Oct

Modal month: Jun — 8 players (12.3%). Range: 2—8.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers

Franz Beckenbauer· Sep

Fabio Cannavaro· Sep

Modal month: Jan — 16 players (13.2%). Range: 7—16.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers

Bobby Charlton· Oct

Diego Maradona· Oct

Michel Platini· Jun

Zico· Mar

Zinedine Zidane· Jun

Ronaldinho· Mar

Kaká· Apr

Andrés Iniesta· May

Xavi Hernández· Jan

Luka Modrić· Sep

Modal month: Mar — 19 players (13.6%). Range: 5—19.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers

Pelé· Oct

Garrincha· Oct

Eusébio· Jan

Gerd Müller· Nov

Johan Cruyff· Apr

Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep

Paolo Rossi· Sep

Romário· Jan

Ronaldo (R9)· Sep

Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb

Lionel Messi· Jun

Kylian Mbappé· Dec

Neymar· Feb

Robert Lewandowski· Aug

Mohamed Salah· Jun

Karim Benzema· Dec

Vinícius Jr· Jul

Modal month: May — 28 players (11.5%). Range: 10—28.

All players

Every player from the 1938, 1950 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

NameCountryPositionBirth yearBirth month

594 / 594

Player	Country	Position	DOB	Birth month	WCs	Goals
Ademir	Brazil	Attacker	1922-11-06	Nov	1	9
Leônidas	Brazil	Attacker	1913-09-06	Sep	1	7
György SárosiC	Hungary	Attacker	1912-09-15	Sep	1	5
Gyula Zsengellér	Hungary	Attacker	1915-12-27	Dec	1	5
Oscar Míguez	Uruguay	Attacker	1927-12-05	Dec	1	5
Silvio Piola	Italy	Attacker	1913-09-29	Sep	1	5
Alcides Ghiggia	Uruguay	Attacker	1926-12-22	Dec	1	4
Chico	Brazil	Attacker	1922-01-07	Jan	1	4
Ernst Wilimowski	Poland	Attacker	1916-06-23	Jun	1	4
Estanislau Basora	Spain	Attacker	1926-11-18	Nov	1	4
Gino Colaussi	Italy	Attacker	1914-03-04	Mar	1	4
Gustav Wetterström	Sweden	Attacker	1911-10-15	Oct	1	4
Telmo Zarra	Spain	Attacker	1921-01-20	Jan	1	4
André Abegglen	Switzerland	Attacker	1909-03-07	Mar	1	3
Arne Nyberg	Sweden	Attacker	1913-06-20	Jun	1	3
Juan Alberto Schiaffino	Uruguay	Attacker	1925-07-28	Jul	1	3
Karl-Erik Palmér	Sweden	Attacker	1929-04-17	Apr	1	3
Perácio	Brazil	Attacker	1917-11-02	Nov	1	3
Stig Sundqvist	Sweden	Attacker	1922-07-19	Jul	1	3
Atilio Cremaschi	Chile	Attacker	1923-03-08	Mar	1	2
Baltazar	Brazil	Attacker	1926-01-14	Jan	1	2
Hasse Jeppson	Sweden	Attacker	1925-05-10	May	1	2
Héctor Socorro	Cuba	Attacker	1912-06-26	Jun	1	2
Jacques Fatton	Switzerland	Attacker	1925-12-19	Dec	1	2
Jair	Brazil	Attacker	1921-03-21	Mar	1	2
Jean Nicolas	France	Attacker	1913-06-09	Jun	1	2
Kosta Tomašević	Yugoslavia	Attacker	1923-07-25	Jul	1	2
Oldřich Nejedlý	Czechoslovakia	Attacker	1909-12-26	Dec	1	2
Pál Titkos	Hungary	Attacker	1908-01-08	Jan	1	2
Riccardo CarapelleseC	Italy	Attacker	1922-07-01	Jul	1	2
Romeu	Brazil	Attacker	1911-03-26	Mar	1	2
Silvestre Igoa	Spain	Attacker	1920-09-05	Sep	1	2
Ștefan Dobay	Romania	Attacker	1909-09-26	Sep	1	2
Sune Andersson	Sweden	Midfielder	1921-02-22	Feb	1	2
Sven Jonasson	Sweden	Attacker	1909-07-09	Jul	1	2
Željko Čajkovski	Yugoslavia	Attacker	1925-05-05	May	1	2
Zizinho	Brazil	Attacker	1922-09-14	Sep	1	2
Alfred BickelC	Switzerland	Attacker	1918-05-02	May	2	1
Alfredo	Brazil	Attacker	1920-01-01	Jan	1	1
Andrés Prieto	Chile	Attacker	1928-12-19	Dec	1	1
Arne Brustad	Norway	Attacker	1912-04-14	Apr	1	1
Atilio López	Paraguay	Attacker	1925-02-05	Feb	1	1
Bror Mellberg	Sweden	Attacker	1923-12-09	Dec	1	1
César López Fretes	Paraguay	Attacker	1923-03-21	Mar	1	1
Charles Antenen	Switzerland	Attacker	1929-11-03	Nov	1	1
Egisto Pandolfini	Italy	Attacker	1926-02-19	Feb	1	1
Émile Veinante	France	Attacker	1907-06-12	Jun	1	1
Ermes Muccinelli	Italy	Attacker	1927-07-28	Jul	1	1
Ernesto Vidal	Uruguay	Attacker	1921-11-15	Nov	1	1
Eugen Walaschek	Switzerland	Attacker	1916-06-20	Jun	1	1
Fernando Riera	Chile	Attacker	1920-06-27	Jun	1	1
Frank Wallace	United States	Attacker	1922-07-15	Jul	1	1
Friaça	Brazil	Attacker	1924-10-20	Oct	1	1
Fryderyk Scherfke	Poland	Attacker	1909-09-07	Sep	1	1
George Robledo	Chile	Attacker	1926-04-14	Apr	1	1
Géza Toldi	Hungary	Attacker	1909-02-11	Feb	1	1
Gino Pariani	United States	Attacker	1928-02-21	Feb	1	1
Giuseppe MeazzaC	Italy	Midfielder	1910-08-23	Aug	1	1
Harry Andersson	Sweden	Attacker	1913-03-07	Mar	1	1
Héctor Ortiz	Mexico	Midfielder	1928-12-20	Dec	1	1
Hendrik Isemborghs	Belgium	Attacker	1914-01-30	Jan	1	1
Horacio Casarín	Mexico	Attacker	1918-05-25	May	1	1
Iuliu Baratky	Romania	Attacker	1910-05-14	May	1	1
Jenő Vincze	Hungary	Attacker	1908-11-20	Nov	1	1
Joe Gaetjens	United States	Attacker	1924-03-19	Mar	1	1
Joe Maca	United States	Defender	1920-09-28	Sep	1	1
José Magriñá	Cuba	Attacker	1917-12-14	Dec	1	1
Josef Gauchel	Germany	Attacker	1916-09-11	Sep	1	1
Josef Košťálek	Czechoslovakia	Midfielder	1909-08-31	Aug	1	1
Josef Zeman	Czechoslovakia	Attacker	1915-01-23	Jan	1	1
Juan Tuñas	Cuba	Attacker	1917-07-17	Jul	1	1
Julio Pérez	Uruguay	Attacker	1926-06-19	Jun	1	1
Maneca	Brazil	Attacker	1926-01-28	Jan	1	1
Obdulio VarelaC	Uruguay	Midfielder	1917-09-20	Sep	1	1
Oscar Heisserer	France	Attacker	1914-07-18	Jul	1	1
Patesko	Brazil	Attacker	1910-11-12	Nov	1	1
Pietro Ferraris	Italy	Attacker	1912-02-15	Feb	1	1
Rajko MitićC	Yugoslavia	Attacker	1922-09-06	Sep	1	1
René Bader	Switzerland	Attacker	1922-08-07	Aug	1	1
Roberto	Brazil	Attacker	1912-06-20	Jun	1	1
Rudolf Gellesch	Germany	Attacker	1914-05-01	May	1	1
Silviu Bindea	Romania	Attacker	1912-10-24	Oct	1	1
Stan Mortensen	England	Attacker	1921-05-26	May	1	1
Stjepan Bobek	Yugoslavia	Attacker	1923-12-03	Dec	1	1
Tihomir Ognjanov	Yugoslavia	Attacker	1927-03-02	Mar	1	1
Tomás Fernández	Cuba	Attacker	—	—	1	1
Tore Keller	Sweden	Attacker	1905-01-04	Jan	1	1
Vilmos Kohut	Hungary	Attacker	1906-07-17	Jul	1	1
Vlastimil Kopecký	Czechoslovakia	Midfielder	1912-10-14	Oct	1	1
Wilf Mannion	England	Attacker	1918-05-16	May	1	1
Wilhelm Hahnemann	Germany	Attacker	1914-04-14	Apr	1	1
Erik NilssonC	Sweden	Defender	1916-08-06	Aug	2	—
Abdelkader Ben Bouali	France	Defender	1912-10-25	Oct	1	—
Achmad Nawir	Dutch East Indies	Midfielder	1912-06-30	Jun	1	—
Adam Wolanin	United States	Attacker	1919-11-13	Nov	1	—
Adãozinho	Brazil	Attacker	1923-04-02	Apr	1	—
Adolf Stelzer	Switzerland	Defender	1908-09-01	Sep	1	—
Adolphe Hug	Switzerland	Goalkeeper	1923-09-23	Sep	1	—
Adri van Male	Netherlands	Goalkeeper	1910-10-07	Oct	1	—
Afonsinho	Brazil	Midfielder	1914-03-08	Mar	1	—

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

NameCountryPositionBirth yearBirth month

30 / 30

Player	Country	Position	DOB	Birth month	Goals
Pelé	Brazil	Attacker	1940-10-23	Oct	—
Garrincha	Brazil	Attacker	1933-10-28	Oct	—
Eusébio	Portugal	Attacker	1942-01-25	Jan	—
Bobby Charlton	England	Midfielder	1937-10-11	Oct	—
Lev Yashin	Soviet Union	Goalkeeper	1929-10-22	Oct	—
Gerd Müller	West Germany	Attacker	1945-11-03	Nov	—
Johan Cruyff	Netherlands	Attacker	1947-04-25	Apr	—
Franz Beckenbauer	West Germany	Defender	1945-09-11	Sep	—
Diego Maradona	Argentina	Midfielder	1960-10-30	Oct	—
Michel Platini	France	Midfielder	1955-06-21	Jun	—
Zico	Brazil	Midfielder	1953-03-03	Mar	—
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge	West Germany	Attacker	1955-09-25	Sep	—
Paolo Rossi	Italy	Attacker	1956-09-23	Sep	—
Romário	Brazil	Attacker	1966-01-29	Jan	—
Ronaldo (R9)	Brazil	Attacker	1976-09-22	Sep	—
Zinedine Zidane	France	Midfielder	1972-06-23	Jun	—
Ronaldinho	Brazil	Midfielder	1980-03-21	Mar	—
Kaká	Brazil	Midfielder	1982-04-22	Apr	—
Fabio Cannavaro	Italy	Defender	1973-09-13	Sep	—
Andrés Iniesta	Spain	Midfielder	1984-05-11	May	—
Xavi Hernández	Spain	Midfielder	1980-01-25	Jan	—
Cristiano Ronaldo	Portugal	Attacker	1985-02-05	Feb	—
Lionel Messi	Argentina	Attacker	1987-06-24	Jun	—
Luka Modrić	Croatia	Midfielder	1985-09-09	Sep	—
Kylian Mbappé	France	Attacker	1998-12-20	Dec	—
Neymar	Brazil	Attacker	1992-02-05	Feb	—
Robert Lewandowski	Poland	Attacker	1988-08-21	Aug	—
Mohamed Salah	Egypt	Attacker	1992-06-15	Jun	—
Karim Benzema	France	Attacker	1987-12-19	Dec	—
Vinícius Jr	Brazil	Attacker	2000-07-12	Jul	—

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#	Player	Team	Opponent	Stage	Year	Goals
1	Oleg Salenko	Russia	Cameroon	Group	1994	5
2	Ernst Wilimowski	Poland	Brazil	Round of 16	1938	4
3	Ademir	Brazil	Sweden	Final round	1950	4
4	Sándor Kocsis	Hungary	West Germany	Group	1954	4
5	Eusébio	Portugal	North Korea	Quarter-final	1966	4
6	Emilio Butragueño	Spain	Denmark	Round of 16	1986	4
7	Bert Patenaude	United States	Paraguay	Group	1930	3
8	Pedro Cea	Uruguay	Yugoslavia	Semi-final	1930	3
9	Guillermo Stábile	Argentina	Mexico	Group	1930	3
10	Edmund Conen	Germany	Belgium	Round of 16	1934	3
11	Angelo Schiavio	Italy	United States	Round of 16	1934	3
12	Oldřich Nejedlý	Czechoslovakia	Germany	Semi-final	1934	3
13	Leônidas	Brazil	Poland	Round of 16	1938	3
14	Gyula Zsengellér	Hungary	Dutch East Indies	Round of 16	1938	3
15	Harry Andersson	Sweden	Cuba	Quarter-final	1938	3
16	Gustav Wetterström	Sweden	Cuba	Quarter-final	1938	3
17	Oscar Míguez	Uruguay	Bolivia	Group	1950	3
18	Estanislao Basora	Spain	Uruguay	Final round	1950	3
19	Sándor Kocsis	Hungary	South Korea	Group	1954	3
20	Erich Probst	Austria	Czechoslovakia	Group	1954	3
21	Carlos Borges	Uruguay	Scotland	Group	1954	3
22	Suat Mamat	Turkey	South Korea	Group	1954	3
23	Josef Hügi	Switzerland	Austria	Quarter-final	1954	3
24	Just Fontaine	France	Paraguay	Group	1958	3
25	Just Fontaine	France	West Germany	Third place	1958	3
26	Pelé	Brazil	France	Semi-final	1958	3
27	Florian Albert	Hungary	Bulgaria	Group	1962	3
28	Geoff Hurst	England	West Germany	Final	1966	3
29	Franz Beckenbauer	West Germany	Switzerland	Group	1966	3
30	Helmut Haller	West Germany	Switzerland	Group	1966	3
31	Eusébio	Portugal	Brazil	Group	1966	3
32	Gerd Müller	West Germany	Bulgaria	Group	1970	3
33	Gerd Müller	West Germany	Peru	Quarter-final	1970	3
34	Andrzej Szarmach	Poland	Haiti	Group	1974	3
35	Dušan Bajević	Yugoslavia	Zaire	Group	1974	3
36	Robbie Rensenbrink	Netherlands	Iran	Group	1978	3
37	Teófilo Cubillas	Peru	Iran	Group	1978	3
38	Karl-Heinz Rummenigge	West Germany	Chile	Group	1982	3
39	Zbigniew Boniek	Poland	Belgium	Second round	1982	3
40	László Kiss	Hungary	El Salvador	Group	1982	3
41	Paolo Rossi	Italy	Brazil	Second round	1982	3
42	Gary Lineker	England	Poland	Group	1986	3
43	Igor Belanov	Soviet Union	Belgium	Round of 16	1986	3
44	Tomáš Skuhravý	Czechoslovakia	Costa Rica	Round of 16	1990	3
45	Míchel	Spain	South Korea	Group	1990	3
46	Gabriel Batistuta	Argentina	Greece	Group	1994	3
47	Gabriel Batistuta	Argentina	Jamaica	Group	1998	3
48	Miroslav Klose	Germany	Saudi Arabia	Group	2002	3
49	Pauleta	Portugal	Poland	Group	2002	3
50	Gonzalo Higuaín	Argentina	South Korea	Group	2010	3
51	Thomas Müller	Germany	Portugal	Group	2014	3
52	Xherdan Shaqiri	Switzerland	Honduras	Group	2014	3
53	Cristiano Ronaldo	Portugal	Spain	Group	2018	3
54	Harry Kane	England	Panama	Group	2018	3
55	Gonçalo Ramos	Portugal	Switzerland	Round of 16	2022	3
56	Kylian Mbappé	France	Argentina	Final	2022	3

56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record