Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
2,630
Players in window
120
Teams
21.9
Avg squad size
6
Tournaments
1934, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1990, 1994

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1934,1974,1978,1982,1990,1994

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1934,1974,1978,1982,1990,1994

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern2,105 (80.0%)
Southern525 (20.0%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Feb37 players (10.7%). Range: 1737.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Oct84 players (10.5%). Range: 5184.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Sep93 players (11.6%). Range: 4693.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Jan63 players (9.5%). Range: 4563.

All players

Every player from the 1934, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1990, 1994 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

2,341 / 2,341
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Grzegorz LatoPolandAttacker1950-04-08Apr310
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep29
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeCWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep28
Andrzej SzarmachPolandAttacker1950-10-03Oct37
Johnny RepNetherlandsAttacker1951-11-25Nov27
Roberto BaggioItalyAttacker1967-02-18Feb27
Mario KempesArgentinaAttacker1954-07-15Jul36
Rob RensenbrinkNetherlandsAttacker1947-07-03Jul26
Zbigniew BoniekPolandMidfielder1956-03-03Mar26
Hristo StoichkovBulgariaAttacker1966-02-08Feb16
Oleg SalenkoRussiaAttacker1969-10-25Oct16
Salvatore SchillaciItalyAttacker1964-12-01Dec16
Roger MillaCameroonAttacker1952-05-20May35
Hans KranklAustriaAttacker1953-02-14Feb25
Johan NeeskensNetherlandsMidfielder1951-09-15Sep25
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan25
Teófilo CubillasPeruMidfielder1949-03-08Mar25
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar25
Jürgen KlinsmannGermanyAttacker1964-07-30Jul15
Kennet AnderssonSwedenAttacker1967-10-06Oct15
Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaAttacker1909-12-25Dec15
Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaAttacker1965-09-07Sep15
Joe JordanScotlandAttacker1951-12-15Dec34
Claudio CaniggiaArgentinaAttacker1967-01-09Jan24
Daniel BertoniArgentinaAttacker1955-03-14Mar24
Florin RăducioiuRomaniaAttacker1970-03-17Mar24
Kazimierz DeynaCPolandMidfielder1947-10-23Oct24
Lothar MatthäusCWest GermanyMidfielder1961-03-21Mar24
Paul BreitnerWest GermanyDefender1951-09-05Sep24
Ralf EdströmSwedenAttacker1952-10-07Oct24
René HousemanArgentinaMidfielder1953-07-19Jul24
Tomas BrolinSwedenAttacker1969-11-29Nov24
Angelo SchiavioItalyAttacker1905-10-15Oct14
Edmund ConenGermanyAttacker1914-11-10Nov14
Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaAttacker1969-02-01Feb14
Gary LinekerEnglandAttacker1960-11-30Nov14
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov14
Leopoldo LuqueArgentinaAttacker1949-05-03May14
Martin DahlinSwedenAttacker1968-04-16Apr14
MíchelSpainMidfielder1963-03-23Mar14
Diego MaradonaCArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct33
DirceuBrazilAttacker1952-06-15Jun33
BebetoBrazilAttacker1964-02-16Feb23
Daniel PassarellaCArgentinaDefender1953-05-25May23
Dominique RocheteauFranceMidfielder1955-01-14Jan23
Gheorghe HagiCRomaniaMidfielder1965-02-05Feb23
Michel PlatiniCFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun23
Pierre LittbarskiWest GermanyMidfielder1960-04-16Apr23
RivellinoCBrazilMidfielder1946-01-01Jan23
Roberto DinamiteBrazilAttacker1954-04-13Apr23
Walter SchachnerAustriaAttacker1957-02-01Feb23
Alain GiresseFranceMidfielder1952-08-02Aug13
Andreas BrehmeWest GermanyDefender1960-11-09Nov13
David PlattEnglandMidfielder1966-06-10Jun13
Dennis BergkampNetherlandsAttacker1969-05-10May13
Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaAttacker1948-12-10Dec13
Ernie BrandtsNetherlandsDefender1956-02-03Feb13
FalcãoBrazilMidfielder1953-10-16Oct13
Gerry ArmstrongNorthern IrelandAttacker1954-05-23May13
Johan CruyffCNetherlandsMidfielder1947-04-25Apr13
José Luis CamineroSpainMidfielder1967-11-08Nov13
Jürgen KlinsmannWest GermanyAttacker1964-07-30Jul13
László KissHungaryAttacker1956-03-12Mar13
Leopold KielholzSwitzerlandAttacker1911-06-09Jun13
Raimundo OrsiItalyAttacker1901-12-02Dec13
Rudi VöllerWest GermanyAttacker1960-04-13Apr13
Kenny DalglishScotlandAttacker1951-03-04Mar32
Arie HaanNetherlandsMidfielder1948-11-16Nov22
Bryan RobsonCEnglandMidfielder1957-01-11Jan22
Didier SixFranceMidfielder1954-08-21Aug22
François Omam-BiyikCameroonAttacker1966-05-21May22
Heinz FloheWest GermanyMidfielder1948-01-28Jan22
Hong Myung-boSouth KoreaDefender1969-02-12Feb22
Ilie DumitrescuRomaniaAttacker1969-01-06Jan22
Ivica ŠurjakCYugoslaviaAttacker1953-03-23Mar22
Julio SalinasSpainAttacker1962-09-11Sep22
Klaus FischerWest GermanyAttacker1949-12-27Dec22
László FazekasHungaryAttacker1947-10-15Oct22
Marc DegryseBelgiumAttacker1965-09-04Sep22
Marco TardelliItalyMidfielder1954-09-24Sep22
MüllerBrazilAttacker1966-01-31Jan22
NelinhoBrazilDefender1950-07-26Jul22
Philippe AlbertBelgiumDefender1967-08-10Aug22
Romeo BenettiItalyMidfielder1945-10-20Oct22
Ruud KrolCNetherlandsDefender1949-03-24Mar22
Tibor NyilasiCHungaryAttacker1955-01-18Jan22
Abdulrahman FawziEgyptAttacker1909-08-11Aug12
Adolfo ValenciaColombiaAttacker1968-02-06Feb12
Adrian KnupSwitzerlandAttacker1968-07-02Jul12
Antonín PanenkaCzechoslovakiaMidfielder1948-12-02Dec12
Antonín PučCzechoslovakiaAttacker1907-05-16May12
Archie GemmillScotlandMidfielder1947-03-24Mar12
Bernard GenghiniFranceMidfielder1958-01-18Jan12
Bernard VoorhoofBelgiumAttacker1910-05-10May12
Bernardo RedínColombiaMidfielder1963-02-26Feb12
Billy HamiltonNorthern IrelandAttacker1957-05-09May12
CarecaBrazilAttacker1960-10-05Oct12
Daniel AmokachiNigeriaAttacker1972-12-30Dec12
Darko PančevYugoslaviaAttacker1965-09-07Sep12
Davor JozićYugoslaviaDefender1960-09-22Sep12

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record