Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
1,219
Players in window
56
Teams
21.8
Avg squad size
3
Tournaments
1934, 1970, 1994

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1934,1970,1994

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1934,1970,1994

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern1,025 (84.1%)
Southern194 (15.9%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Jan17 players (11.0%). Range: 917.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Aug35 players (10.3%). Range: 2035.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Mar40 players (11.1%). Range: 2240.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Jul37 players (10.8%). Range: 2337.

All players

Every player from the 1934, 1970, 1994 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

1,218 / 1,218
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov110
JairzinhoBrazilAttacker1944-12-25Dec17
Hristo StoichkovBulgariaAttacker1966-02-08Feb16
Oleg SalenkoRussiaAttacker1969-10-25Oct16
Jürgen KlinsmannGermanyAttacker1964-07-30Jul15
Kennet AnderssonSwedenAttacker1967-10-06Oct15
Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaAttacker1909-12-25Dec15
Roberto BaggioItalyAttacker1967-02-18Feb15
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan15
Teófilo CubillasPeruAttacker1949-03-08Mar15
Anatoliy ByshovetsSoviet UnionAttacker1946-04-23Apr14
Angelo SchiavioItalyAttacker1905-10-15Oct14
Edmund ConenGermanyAttacker1914-11-10Nov14
Florin RăducioiuRomaniaAttacker1970-03-17Mar14
Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaAttacker1969-02-01Feb14
Martin DahlinSwedenAttacker1968-04-16Apr14
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct14
BebetoBrazilAttacker1964-02-16Feb13
Dennis BergkampNetherlandsAttacker1969-05-10May13
Gheorghe HagiCRomaniaMidfielder1965-02-05Feb13
Gigi RivaItalyAttacker1944-11-07Nov13
José Luis CamineroSpainMidfielder1967-11-08Nov13
Leopold KielholzSwitzerlandAttacker1911-06-09Jun13
Raimundo OrsiItalyAttacker1901-12-02Dec13
RivellinoBrazilMidfielder1946-01-01Jan13
Tomas BrolinSwedenAttacker1969-11-29Nov13
Uwe SeelerCWest GermanyAttacker1936-11-05Nov13
Abdulrahman FawziEgyptAttacker1909-08-11Aug12
Adolfo ValenciaColombiaAttacker1968-02-06Feb12
Adrian KnupSwitzerlandAttacker1968-07-02Jul12
Alberto GallardoPeruMidfielder1940-11-28Nov12
Antonín PučCzechoslovakiaAttacker1907-05-16May12
Bernard VoorhoofBelgiumAttacker1910-05-10May12
Claudio CaniggiaArgentinaAttacker1967-01-09Jan12
Daniel AmokachiNigeriaAttacker1972-12-30Dec12
Dino BaggioItalyMidfielder1971-07-24Jul12
Emmanuel AmunikeNigeriaMidfielder1970-12-25Dec12
Ernst LehnerGermanyAttacker1912-11-07Nov12
Florea DumitracheRomaniaAttacker1948-05-22May12
Fuad AnwarSaudi ArabiaMidfielder1972-10-13Oct12
Géza ToldiHungaryAttacker1909-02-11Feb12
Gianni RiveraItalyMidfielder1943-08-18Aug12
Giovanni FerrariItalyAttacker1907-12-06Dec12
Giuseppe MeazzaItalyMidfielder1910-08-23Aug12
Hong Myung-boSouth KoreaDefender1969-02-12Feb12
Ilie DumitrescuRomaniaAttacker1969-01-06Jan12
Javier ValdiviaMexicoAttacker1941-12-04Dec12
Johann HorvathAustriaAttacker1903-05-20May12
Jon GoikoetxeaSpainMidfielder1965-10-21Oct12
José IraragorriSpainAttacker1912-03-16Mar12
Karl HohmannGermanyMidfielder1908-06-18Jun12
Ladislav PetrášCzechoslovakiaAttacker1946-12-01Dec12
Luis GarcíaMexicoAttacker1969-06-01Jun12
Philippe AlbertBelgiumDefender1967-08-10Aug12
Raoul LambertBelgiumAttacker1944-10-20Oct12
Roberto BoninsegnaItalyAttacker1943-11-13Nov12
Rudi VöllerGermanyAttacker1960-04-13Apr12
Sven JonassonSwedenAttacker1909-07-09Jul12
TostãoBrazilAttacker1947-01-25Jan12
Wilfried Van MoerBelgiumMidfielder1945-03-01Mar12
Wim JonkNetherlandsMidfielder1966-10-12Oct12
Yordan LetchkovBulgariaMidfielder1967-07-09Jul12
Abel BalboArgentinaAttacker1966-06-01Jun11
Aitor BegiristainSpainAttacker1964-08-12Aug11
Alain SutterSwitzerlandMidfielder1968-01-22Jan11
Alan MulleryEnglandMidfielder1941-11-23Nov11
Alberto GalateoArgentinaAttacker1912-03-04Mar11
Alberto García AspeMexicoMidfielder1967-05-11May11
Aldo DonelliUnited StatesAttacker1907-07-22Jul11
Alexandru NeaguRomaniaAttacker1948-07-19Jul11
Allan ClarkeEnglandAttacker1946-07-31Jul11
André AbegglenSwitzerlandAttacker1909-03-07Mar11
Andrés EscobarColombiaDefender1967-03-13Mar11
Angelo DomenghiniItalyAttacker1941-08-25Aug11
Anton SchallAustriaAttacker1907-06-22Jun11
Aron WinterNetherlandsMidfielder1967-03-01Mar11
Asparuh NikodimovBulgariaMidfielder1945-08-21Aug11
BrancoBrazilDefender1964-04-04Apr11
Bryan RoyNetherlandsAttacker1970-02-12Feb11
Carlos AlbertoCBrazilDefender1944-07-17Jul11
ClodoaldoBrazilMidfielder1949-09-26Sep11
Dan PetrescuRomaniaDefender1967-12-22Dec11
Daniel BorimirovBulgariaMidfielder1970-01-16Jan11
Daniele MassaroItalyAttacker1961-05-23May11
David EmbéCameroonAttacker1973-11-13Nov11
Diego MaradonaCArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct11
Dinko DermendzhievBulgariaMidfielder1941-06-02Jun11
Dmitri RadchenkoRussiaAttacker1970-12-02Dec11
Dobromir ZhechevBulgariaDefender1942-11-12Nov11
Earnie StewartUnited StatesAttacker1969-03-28Mar11
Emerich DembrovschiRomaniaAttacker1945-10-06Oct11
Enrique GuaitaItalyAttacker1910-07-11Jul11
Eric WynaldaUnited StatesAttacker1969-06-09Jun11
Ernesto BelisArgentinaDefender1909-02-01Feb11
Erwin SánchezBoliviaMidfielder1969-10-19Oct11
Fahad Al-GhesheyanSaudi ArabiaAttacker1973-08-01Aug11
Fernando HierroSpainMidfielder1968-03-23Mar11
Finidi GeorgeNigeriaMidfielder1971-04-15Apr11
François Omam-BiyikCameroonAttacker1966-05-21May11
František SvobodaCzechoslovakiaAttacker1906-08-05Aug11

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record