Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
3,155
Players in window
143
Teams
22.1
Avg squad size
7
Tournaments
1934, 1938, 1966, 1970, 1990, 1994, 2006

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1934,1938,1966,1970,1990,1994,2006

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1934,1938,1966,1970,1990,1994,2006

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern2,647 (83.9%)
Southern508 (16.1%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Oct40 players (9.9%). Range: 2440.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Mar97 players (10.4%). Range: 6197.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Jan100 players (10.6%). Range: 61100.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Feb82 players (9.7%). Range: 5682.

All players

Every player from the 1934, 1938, 1966, 1970, 1990, 1994, 2006 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

2,897 / 2,897
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov110
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan19
LeônidasBrazilAttacker1913-11-06Nov28
JairzinhoBrazilMidfielder1944-12-25Dec27
Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaAttacker1909-12-25Dec27
Roberto BaggioItalyAttacker1967-02-18Feb27
György SárosiCHungaryAttacker1912-09-15Sep26
Helmut HallerWest GermanyAttacker1939-07-21Jul26
Hristo StoichkovBulgariaAttacker1966-02-08Feb16
Oleg SalenkoRussiaAttacker1969-10-25Oct16
Salvatore SchillaciItalyAttacker1964-12-01Dec16
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyMidfielder1945-09-11Sep25
Geoff HurstEnglandAttacker1941-12-08Dec25
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct25
Roger MillaCameroonAttacker1952-05-20May25
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan25
Uwe SeelerCWest GermanyAttacker1936-11-05Nov25
Gyula ZsengellérHungaryAttacker1915-12-27Dec15
Jürgen KlinsmannGermanyAttacker1964-07-30Jul15
Kennet AnderssonSwedenAttacker1967-10-06Oct15
Miroslav KloseGermanyAttacker1978-06-09Jun15
Silvio PiolaItalyAttacker1913-09-29Sep15
Teófilo CubillasPeruAttacker1949-03-08Mar15
Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaAttacker1965-09-07Sep15
André AbegglenSwitzerlandAttacker1909-03-07Mar24
Claudio CaniggiaArgentinaAttacker1967-01-09Jan24
Florin RăducioiuRomaniaAttacker1970-03-17Mar24
Sven JonassonSwedenAttacker1909-07-09Jul24
Tomas BrolinSwedenAttacker1969-11-29Nov24
Valeriy PorkujanSoviet UnionAttacker1944-10-04Oct24
Anatoliy ByshovetsSoviet UnionAttacker1946-04-23Apr14
Angelo SchiavioItalyAttacker1905-10-15Oct14
Edmund ConenGermanyAttacker1914-11-10Nov14
Ernst WilimowskiPolandAttacker1916-06-23Jun14
Ferenc BeneHungaryAttacker1944-12-17Dec14
Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaAttacker1969-02-01Feb14
Gary LinekerEnglandAttacker1960-11-30Nov14
Gino ColaussiItalyAttacker1914-03-04Mar14
Gustav WetterströmSwedenAttacker1911-10-15Oct14
Lothar MatthäusCWest GermanyMidfielder1961-03-21Mar14
Martin DahlinSwedenAttacker1968-04-16Apr14
MíchelSpainMidfielder1963-03-23Mar14
BebetoBrazilAttacker1964-02-16Feb23
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct23
Géza ToldiHungaryAttacker1909-02-11Feb23
Gheorghe HagiCRomaniaMidfielder1965-02-05Feb23
Giuseppe MeazzaCItalyMidfielder1910-08-23Aug23
Jean NicolasFranceAttacker1913-06-09Jun23
Leopold KielholzSwitzerlandAttacker1911-06-09Jun23
RonaldoBrazilAttacker1976-09-18Sep23
Ștefan DobayRomaniaAttacker1909-09-26Sep23
TostãoBrazilMidfielder1947-01-25Jan23
Andreas BrehmeWest GermanyDefender1960-11-09Nov13
Arne NybergSwedenAttacker1913-06-20Jun13
David PlattEnglandMidfielder1966-06-10Jun13
David VillaSpainAttacker1981-12-03Dec13
Dennis BergkampNetherlandsAttacker1969-05-10May13
Fernando TorresSpainAttacker1984-03-20Mar13
Gigi RivaItalyAttacker1944-11-07Nov13
Hernán CrespoArgentinaAttacker1975-07-05Jul13
José AugustoPortugalMidfielder1937-04-13Apr13
José Luis CamineroSpainMidfielder1967-11-08Nov13
José TorresPortugalAttacker1938-09-08Sep13
Jürgen KlinsmannWest GermanyAttacker1964-07-30Jul13
Luis ArtimeArgentinaAttacker1938-12-02Dec13
Lukas PodolskiGermanyAttacker1985-06-04Jun13
Maxi RodríguezArgentinaMidfielder1981-01-02Jan13
PerácioBrazilAttacker1917-11-02Nov13
Raimundo OrsiItalyAttacker1901-12-02Dec13
RivellinoBrazilMidfielder1946-01-01Jan13
Roger HuntEnglandAttacker1938-07-20Jul13
Rudi VöllerWest GermanyAttacker1960-04-13Apr13
Thierry HenryFranceAttacker1977-08-17Aug13
Zinedine ZidaneCFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun13
Antonín PučCzechoslovakiaAttacker1907-05-16May22
Bernard VoorhoofBelgiumAttacker1910-05-10May22
Ernst LehnerGermanyAttacker1912-11-07Nov22
François Omam-BiyikCameroonAttacker1966-05-21May22
Gianni RiveraItalyAttacker1943-08-18Aug22
Giovanni FerrariItalyAttacker1907-12-06Dec22
Henrik LarssonSwedenAttacker1971-09-20Sep22
Hong Myung-boSouth KoreaDefender1969-02-12Feb22
Ilie DumitrescuRomaniaAttacker1969-01-06Jan22
Jenő VinczeHungaryAttacker1908-11-20Nov22
Julio SalinasSpainAttacker1962-09-11Sep22
Marc DegryseBelgiumAttacker1965-09-04Sep22
Martin PetersEnglandMidfielder1943-11-08Nov22
MüllerBrazilAttacker1966-01-31Jan22
Philippe AlbertBelgiumDefender1967-08-10Aug22
Sami Al-JaberCSaudi ArabiaAttacker1972-12-11Dec22
Abdulrahman FawziEgyptAttacker1909-08-11Aug12
Adolfo ValenciaColombiaAttacker1968-02-06Feb12
Adrian KnupSwitzerlandAttacker1968-07-02Jul12
AdrianoBrazilAttacker1982-02-17Feb12
Agustín DelgadoEcuadorAttacker1974-12-23Dec12
Alberto GallardoPeruMidfielder1940-11-28Nov12
Alexander FreiSwitzerlandAttacker1979-07-15Jul12
Anatoliy BanishevskiySoviet UnionAttacker1946-02-23Feb12
Andriy ShevchenkoCUkraineAttacker1976-09-29Sep12
Aruna DindaneIvory CoastAttacker1980-11-26Nov12

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record