Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

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977
Players in window
45
Teams
21.7
Avg squad size
2
Tournaments
1930, 2018

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1930,2018

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1930,2018

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern718 (73.5%)
Southern259 (26.5%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Mar16 players (13.2%). Range: 416.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Mar37 players (12.6%). Range: 1737.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Jan33 players (11.1%). Range: 1633.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Jun29 players (11.6%). Range: 1329.

All players

Every player from the 1930, 2018 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

977 / 977
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Guillermo StábileArgentinaAttacker1905-01-17Jan18
Harry KaneCEnglandAttacker1993-07-28Jul16
Denis CheryshevRussiaMidfielder1990-12-26Dec15
Pedro CeaUruguayAttacker1900-09-01Sep15
Antoine GriezmannFranceAttacker1991-03-21Mar14
Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesAttacker1909-11-04Nov14
Cristiano RonaldoCPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb14
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec14
Mario MandžukićCroatiaAttacker1986-05-21May14
Romelu LukakuBelgiumAttacker1993-05-13May14
Artem DzyubaRussiaAttacker1988-08-22Aug13
Carlos PeucelleArgentinaAttacker1908-09-13Sep13
Diego CostaSpainAttacker1988-10-07Oct13
Eden HazardCBelgiumAttacker1991-01-07Jan13
Edinson CavaniUruguayAttacker1987-02-14Feb13
Ivan BekYugoslaviaAttacker1909-10-29Oct13
Ivan PerišićCroatiaAttacker1989-02-02Feb13
Peregrino AnselmoUruguayAttacker1902-04-30Apr13
PreguinhoCBrazilAttacker1905-02-08Feb13
Yerry MinaColombiaDefender1994-09-23Sep13
Adolfo ZumelzúArgentinaMidfielder1902-01-05Jan12
Ahmed MusaNigeriaAttacker1992-10-14Oct12
André MaschinotFranceAttacker1903-06-28Jun12
Andreas GranqvistCSwedenDefender1985-04-16Apr12
Bart McGheeUnited StatesAttacker1899-04-30Apr12
Carlos VidalChileAttacker1902-02-22Feb12
Đorđe VujadinovićYugoslaviaAttacker1909-11-29Nov12
Héctor CastroUruguayAttacker1904-11-29Nov12
John StonesEnglandDefender1994-05-28May12
Luis MontiArgentinaMidfielder1901-05-15May12
Luis SuárezUruguayAttacker1987-01-24Jan12
Luka ModrićCCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep12
Manuel RosasMexicoDefender1908-02-29Feb12
Mile JedinakCAustraliaMidfielder1984-08-03Aug12
ModeratoBrazilAttacker1902-07-14Jul12
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun12
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb12
Pablo DoradoUruguayAttacker1908-06-22Jun12
Philippe CoutinhoBrazilMidfielder1992-06-12Jun12
Santos IriarteUruguayAttacker1902-11-02Nov12
Sergio AgüeroArgentinaAttacker1988-06-02Jun12
Son Heung-minSouth KoreaAttacker1992-07-08Jul12
Takashi InuiJapanMidfielder1988-06-02Jun12
Wahbi KhazriTunisiaAttacker1991-02-08Feb12
Adalbert DeșuRomaniaAttacker1909-03-24Mar11
Adnan JanuzajBelgiumAttacker1995-02-05Feb11
Ahmed FathyEgyptDefender1984-11-10Nov11
Alejandro ScopelliArgentinaAttacker1908-05-12May11
Aleksandar KolarovCSerbiaDefender1985-11-10Nov11
Aleksandar MitrovićSerbiaAttacker1994-09-16Sep11
Aleksandar TirnanićYugoslaviaAttacker1910-07-15Jul11
Aleksandr GolovinRussiaMidfielder1996-05-30May11
Alfreð FinnbogasonIcelandAttacker1989-02-01Feb11
André CarrilloPeruAttacker1991-06-14Jun11
Andrej KramarićCroatiaAttacker1991-06-19Jun11
Ángel Di MaríaArgentinaMidfielder1988-02-14Feb11
Ante RebićCroatiaAttacker1993-09-21Sep11
Aziz BehichAustraliaDefender1990-12-16Dec11
Aziz BouhaddouzMoroccoAttacker1987-03-30Mar11
Benjamin PavardFranceDefender1996-03-28Mar11
Blagoje MarjanovićYugoslaviaAttacker1907-09-09Sep11
Blerim DžemailiSwitzerlandMidfielder1986-04-12Apr11
Carlos VelaMexicoAttacker1989-03-01Mar11
Christian EriksenDenmarkMidfielder1992-02-14Feb11
Constantin StanciuRomaniaAttacker1907-09-24Sep11
Dele AlliEnglandMidfielder1996-04-11Apr11
Delfín Benítez CáceresParaguayAttacker1910-09-24Sep11
Domagoj VidaCroatiaDefender1989-04-29Apr11
Dries MertensBelgiumAttacker1987-05-06May11
Dylan BronnTunisiaDefender1995-06-19Jun11
Edson ÁlvarezMexicoDefender1997-10-24Oct11
Emil ForsbergSwedenMidfielder1991-10-23Oct11
Fakhreddine Ben YoussefTunisiaAttacker1991-06-23Jun11
Felipe BaloyCPanamaDefender1981-02-24Feb11
Ferjani SassiTunisiaMidfielder1992-03-18Mar11
FernandinhoBrazilMidfielder1985-05-04May11
Francisco VaralloArgentinaAttacker1910-02-05Feb11
Gabriel MercadoArgentinaDefender1987-03-18Mar11
Genki HaraguchiJapanMidfielder1991-05-09May11
Granit XhakaSwitzerlandMidfielder1992-09-27Sep11
Grzegorz KrychowiakPolandMidfielder1990-01-29Jan11
Guillermo ArellanoChileAttacker1908-08-21Aug11
Guillermo SubiabreChileAttacker1903-02-25Feb11
Gylfi SigurðssonIcelandMidfielder1989-09-08Sep11
Harry MaguireEnglandDefender1993-03-05Mar11
Héctor ScaroneUruguayAttacker1898-11-26Nov11
Hirving LozanoMexicoAttacker1995-07-30Jul11
Iago AspasSpainAttacker1987-08-01Aug11
IscoSpainMidfielder1992-04-21Apr11
Ivan RakitićCroatiaMidfielder1988-03-10Mar11
Jan BednarekPolandDefender1996-04-12Apr11
Jan VertonghenBelgiumDefender1987-04-24Apr11
Javier HernándezMexicoAttacker1988-06-01Jun11
Jesse LingardEnglandMidfielder1992-12-15Dec11
Jim BrownUnited StatesAttacker1908-12-31Dec11
José GiménezUruguayDefender1995-01-20Jan11
Josip DrmićSwitzerlandAttacker1992-08-08Aug11
Juan CarreñoMexicoAttacker1907-08-14Aug11
Juan CuadradoColombiaMidfielder1988-05-26May11
Juan Fernando QuinteroColombiaMidfielder1993-01-18Jan11

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record