Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
1,472
Players in window
69
Teams
21.3
Avg squad size
3
Tournaments
1930, 1982, 1998

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1930,1982,1998

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1930,1982,1998

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern1,063 (72.2%)
Southern409 (27.8%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Jul20 players (10.5%). Range: 1120.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Feb42 players (9.3%). Range: 3142.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Mar48 players (10.8%). Range: 2848.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Dec43 players (11.7%). Range: 2543.

All players

Every player from the 1930, 1982, 1998 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

1,470 / 1,470
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Guillermo StábileArgentinaAttacker1905-01-17Jan18
Davor ŠukerCroatiaAttacker1968-01-01Jan16
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep16
Christian VieriItalyAttacker1973-07-12Jul15
Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaAttacker1969-02-01Feb15
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeCWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep15
Pedro CeaUruguayAttacker1900-09-01Sep15
Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesAttacker1909-11-04Nov14
Luis HernándezMexicoAttacker1968-12-22Dec14
Marcelo SalasChileAttacker1974-12-24Dec14
RonaldoBrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep14
Zbigniew BoniekPolandAttacker1956-03-03Mar14
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar14
Alain GiresseFranceMidfielder1952-08-02Aug13
BebetoBrazilAttacker1964-02-16Feb13
Carlos PeucelleArgentinaAttacker1908-09-13Sep13
César SampaioBrazilMidfielder1968-03-31Mar13
Dennis BergkampNetherlandsAttacker1969-05-10May13
FalcãoBrazilMidfielder1953-10-16Oct13
Gerry ArmstrongNorthern IrelandAttacker1954-05-23May13
Ivan BekYugoslaviaAttacker1909-10-29Oct13
Jürgen KlinsmannCGermanyAttacker1964-07-30Jul13
László KissHungaryAttacker1956-03-12Mar13
Oliver BierhoffGermanyAttacker1968-05-01May13
Peregrino AnselmoUruguayAttacker1902-04-30Apr13
PreguinhoCBrazilAttacker1905-02-08Feb13
RivaldoBrazilMidfielder1972-04-19Apr13
Thierry HenryFranceAttacker1977-08-17Aug13
Abdeljalil HaddaMoroccoAttacker1972-03-21Mar12
Adolfo ZumelzúArgentinaMidfielder1902-01-05Jan12
Alan ShearerCEnglandAttacker1970-08-13Aug12
André MaschinotFranceAttacker1903-06-28Jun12
Antonín PanenkaCzechoslovakiaMidfielder1948-12-02Dec12
Ariel OrtegaArgentinaMidfielder1974-03-04Mar12
Bart McGheeUnited StatesAttacker1899-04-30Apr12
Bernard GenghiniFranceMidfielder1958-01-18Jan12
Billy HamiltonNorthern IrelandAttacker1957-05-09May12
Brian LaudrupDenmarkAttacker1969-02-22Feb12
Bryan RobsonEnglandMidfielder1957-01-11Jan12
Carlos VidalChileAttacker1902-02-22Feb12
Daniel BertoniArgentinaAttacker1955-03-14Mar12
Daniel PassarellaCArgentinaDefender1953-05-25May12
Didier SixFranceAttacker1954-08-21Aug12
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct12
Dominique RocheteauFranceAttacker1955-01-14Jan12
Đorđe VujadinovićYugoslaviaAttacker1909-11-29Nov12
ÉderBrazilAttacker1957-05-25May12
Emmanuel PetitFranceMidfielder1970-09-22Sep12
Fernando HierroSpainMidfielder1968-03-23Mar12
Fernando MorientesSpainAttacker1976-04-05Apr12
Gábor PölöskeiHungaryAttacker1960-10-11Oct12
Héctor CastroUruguayAttacker1904-11-29Nov12
John WarkScotlandMidfielder1957-08-04Aug12
Klaus FischerWest GermanyAttacker1949-12-27Dec12
László FazekasHungaryAttacker1947-10-15Oct12
Lilian ThuramFranceDefender1972-01-01Jan12
Luis MontiArgentinaMidfielder1901-05-15May12
Manuel RosasMexicoDefender1908-02-29Feb12
Marc WilmotsBelgiumMidfielder1969-02-22Feb12
Marco TardelliItalyMidfielder1954-09-24Sep12
Michael OwenEnglandAttacker1979-12-14Dec12
Michel PlatiniCFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun12
ModeratoBrazilAttacker1902-07-14Jul12
Pablo DoradoUruguayAttacker1908-06-22Jun12
Patrick KluivertNetherlandsAttacker1976-07-01Jul12
Phillip CocuNetherlandsMidfielder1970-10-29Oct12
Pierre LittbarskiWest GermanyMidfielder1960-04-16Apr12
Ricardo PeláezMexicoAttacker1963-03-14Mar12
Robert ProsinečkiCroatiaMidfielder1969-01-12Jan12
Roberto BaggioItalyAttacker1967-02-18Feb12
Ronald de BoerNetherlandsMidfielder1970-05-15May12
Salah AssadAlgeriaAttacker1958-03-13Mar12
Salaheddine BassirMoroccoAttacker1972-09-05Sep12
Santos IriarteUruguayAttacker1902-11-02Nov12
SerginhoBrazilAttacker1953-12-23Dec12
Shaun BartlettSouth AfricaAttacker1972-10-31Oct12
Siniša MihajlovićFR YugoslaviaDefender1969-02-20Feb12
Slobodan KomljenovićFR YugoslaviaDefender1971-01-02Jan12
SócratesCBrazilMidfielder1954-02-19Feb12
Theodore WhitmoreJamaicaMidfielder1972-08-05Aug12
Tibor NyilasiCHungaryAttacker1955-01-18Jan12
Trevor FrancisEnglandAttacker1954-04-19Apr12
Viorel MoldovanRomaniaAttacker1972-07-08Jul12
Walter SchachnerAustriaAttacker1957-02-01Feb12
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun12
Abdullah Al-BuloushiKuwaitAttacker1960-02-16Feb11
Adalbert DeșuRomaniaAttacker1909-03-24Mar11
Adrian IlieRomaniaAttacker1974-04-20Apr11
Alain CouriolFranceAttacker1958-10-24Oct11
Alberto García AspeCMexicoMidfielder1967-05-11May11
Alejandro ScopelliArgentinaAttacker1908-05-12May11
Aleksandar TirnanićYugoslaviaAttacker1910-07-15Jul11
Aleksandr ChivadzeCSoviet UnionDefender1955-04-08Apr11
Alessandro AltobelliItalyAttacker1955-11-28Nov11
Alexandre CzerniatynskiBelgiumAttacker1960-07-28Jul11
Allan NielsenDenmarkMidfielder1971-03-13Mar11
Andi HerzogAustriaMidfielder1968-09-10Sep11
Andoni ZubizarretaCSpainGoalkeeper1961-10-23Oct11
Andreas MöllerGermanyMidfielder1967-09-02Sep11
Andriy BalSoviet UnionMidfielder1958-02-16Feb11

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record