Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
2,207
Players in window
101
Teams
21.9
Avg squad size
5
Tournaments
1930, 1954, 1966, 1986, 2018

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1930,1954,1966,1986,2018

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1930,1954,1966,1986,2018

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern1,728 (78.3%)
Southern479 (21.7%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Apr30 players (10.8%). Range: 1630.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Mar69 players (10.6%). Range: 3869.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Jan81 players (12.2%). Range: 4481.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Feb56 players (9.3%). Range: 4056.

All players

Every player from the 1930, 1954, 1966, 1986, 2018 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

2,202 / 2,202
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Sándor KocsisHungaryAttacker1929-09-21Sep111
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan19
Guillermo StábileArgentinaAttacker1905-01-17Jan18
Erich ProbstAustriaMidfielder1927-12-05Dec16
Gary LinekerEnglandAttacker1960-11-30Nov16
Harry KaneCEnglandAttacker1993-07-28Jul16
Helmut HallerWest GermanyAttacker1939-07-21Jul16
Josef HügiSwitzerlandAttacker1930-01-23Jan16
Max MorlockWest GermanyAttacker1925-05-11May16
CarecaBrazilAttacker1960-10-05Oct15
Denis CheryshevRussiaMidfielder1990-12-26Dec15
Diego MaradonaCArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct15
Emilio ButragueñoSpainAttacker1963-07-22Jul15
Pedro CeaUruguayAttacker1900-09-01Sep15
Alessandro AltobelliItalyAttacker1955-11-28Nov14
Antoine GriezmannFranceAttacker1991-03-21Mar14
Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesAttacker1909-11-04Nov14
Carlos BorgesUruguayAttacker1932-01-14Jan14
Cristiano RonaldoCPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb14
Ferenc BeneHungaryAttacker1944-12-17Dec14
Ferenc PuskásCHungaryAttacker1927-04-02Apr14
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyMidfielder1945-09-11Sep14
Geoff HurstEnglandAttacker1941-12-08Dec14
Hans SchäferWest GermanyAttacker1927-10-19Oct14
Helmut RahnWest GermanyAttacker1929-08-16Aug14
Ihor BelanovSoviet UnionMidfielder1960-09-25Sep14
Jorge ValdanoArgentinaAttacker1955-10-04Oct14
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec14
Mario MandžukićCroatiaAttacker1986-05-21May14
Nándor HidegkutiHungaryAttacker1922-03-03Mar14
Ottmar WalterWest GermanyAttacker1924-03-06Mar14
Preben ElkjærDenmarkAttacker1957-09-11Sep14
Robert BallamanSwitzerlandAttacker1926-06-21Jun14
Romelu LukakuBelgiumAttacker1993-05-13May14
Valeriy PorkujanSoviet UnionAttacker1944-10-04Oct14
Artem DzyubaRussiaAttacker1988-08-22Aug13
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct13
Burhan SargunTurkeyAttacker1929-02-11Feb13
Carlos PeucelleArgentinaAttacker1908-09-13Sep13
Diego CostaSpainAttacker1988-10-07Oct13
Eden HazardCBelgiumAttacker1991-01-07Jan13
Edinson CavaniUruguayAttacker1987-02-14Feb13
Ernst StojaspalAustriaAttacker1925-01-14Jan13
Fritz WalterCWest GermanyAttacker1920-10-31Oct13
Ivan BekYugoslaviaAttacker1909-10-29Oct13
Ivan PerišićCroatiaAttacker1989-02-02Feb13
Jan CeulemansCBelgiumMidfielder1957-02-28Feb13
Jesper OlsenDenmarkMidfielder1961-03-20Mar13
José AugustoPortugalMidfielder1937-04-13Apr13
José TorresPortugalAttacker1938-09-08Sep13
Juan HohbergUruguayAttacker1926-10-08Oct13
Léopold AnoulBelgiumAttacker1922-08-19Aug13
Luis ArtimeArgentinaAttacker1938-12-02Dec13
Nat LofthouseEnglandAttacker1925-08-27Aug13
Nico ClaesenBelgiumAttacker1962-10-07Oct13
Oscar MíguezUruguayAttacker1927-12-05Dec13
Peregrino AnselmoUruguayAttacker1902-04-30Apr13
PreguinhoCBrazilAttacker1905-02-08Feb13
Roger HuntEnglandAttacker1938-07-20Jul13
Rudi VöllerWest GermanyAttacker1960-04-13Apr13
Suat MamatTurkeyAttacker1930-11-08Nov13
Theodor WagnerAustriaAttacker1927-08-06Aug13
Yerry MinaColombiaDefender1994-09-23Sep13
Zoltán CziborHungaryAttacker1929-08-08Aug13
Abderrazak KhairiMoroccoAttacker1962-11-20Nov12
Adolfo ZumelzúArgentinaMidfielder1902-01-05Jan12
Ahmed MusaNigeriaAttacker1992-10-14Oct12
Alfred KörnerAustriaAttacker1926-02-14Feb12
Anatoliy BanishevskiySoviet UnionAttacker1946-02-23Feb12
André MaschinotFranceAttacker1903-06-28Jun12
Andreas GranqvistCSwedenDefender1985-04-16Apr12
Bart McGheeUnited StatesAttacker1899-04-30Apr12
Carlos VidalChileAttacker1902-02-22Feb12
DidiBrazilMidfielder1928-10-08Oct12
Đorđe VujadinovićYugoslaviaAttacker1909-11-29Nov12
Eduard MalofeyevSoviet UnionAttacker1942-06-02Jun12
Enzo ScifoBelgiumMidfielder1966-02-19Feb12
Ernst OcwirkCAustriaMidfielder1926-03-07Mar12
Fernando QuirarteMexicoDefender1956-05-17May12
Héctor CastroUruguayAttacker1904-11-29Nov12
Igor ChislenkoSoviet UnionMidfielder1939-01-04Jan12
Ivor BroadisEnglandAttacker1922-12-18Dec12
Jean-Pierre PapinFranceAttacker1963-11-05Nov12
John StonesEnglandDefender1994-05-28May12
Jorge BurruchagaArgentinaMidfielder1962-10-09Oct12
JosimarBrazilDefender1961-09-19Sep12
Juan Alberto SchiaffinoUruguayAttacker1925-07-28Jul12
JulinhoBrazilAttacker1929-07-29Jul12
Julio AbbadieUruguayAttacker1930-09-07Sep12
Julio César RomeroParaguayMidfielder1960-08-28Aug12
Kálmán MészölyHungaryDefender1941-07-16Jul12
Klaus AllofsWest GermanyAttacker1956-12-05Dec12
Lefter KüçükandonyadisTurkeyAttacker1925-12-22Dec12
Luis MontiArgentinaMidfielder1901-05-15May12
Luis SuárezUruguayAttacker1987-01-24Jan12
Luka ModrićCCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep12
Manuel RosasMexicoDefender1908-02-29Feb12
Michel PlatiniCFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun12
Mihály LantosHungaryDefender1928-09-29Sep12
Mile JedinakCAustraliaMidfielder1984-08-03Aug12

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record