Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
3,774
Players in window
165
Teams
22.9
Avg squad size
7
Tournaments
1930, 1954, 1962, 1994, 2002, 2018, 2022

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1930,1954,1962,1994,2002,2018,2022

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1930,1954,1962,1994,2002,2018,2022

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern3,027 (80.2%)
Southern747 (19.8%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Apr49 players (10.4%). Range: 2449.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Jan116 players (10.0%). Range: 75116.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Jan120 players (10.4%). Range: 71120.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Feb103 players (10.6%). Range: 63103.

All players

Every player from the 1930, 1954, 1962, 1994, 2002, 2018, 2022 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

3,467 / 3,467
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec212
Sándor KocsisHungaryAttacker1929-09-21Sep111
Harry KaneCEnglandAttacker1993-07-28Jul28
Lionel MessiCArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun28
RonaldoBrazilAttacker1976-09-18Sep28
Guillermo StábileArgentinaAttacker1905-01-17Jan18
Erich ProbstAustriaMidfielder1927-12-05Dec16
Hristo StoichkovBulgariaAttacker1966-02-08Feb16
Josef HügiSwitzerlandAttacker1930-01-23Jan16
Max MorlockWest GermanyAttacker1925-05-11May16
Oleg SalenkoRussiaAttacker1969-10-25Oct16
Cristiano RonaldoCPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb25
Gabriel BatistutaCArgentinaAttacker1969-02-01Feb25
Denis CheryshevRussiaMidfielder1990-12-26Dec15
Jürgen KlinsmannGermanyAttacker1964-07-30Jul15
Kennet AnderssonSwedenAttacker1967-10-06Oct15
Miroslav KloseGermanyAttacker1978-06-09Jun15
Pedro CeaUruguayAttacker1900-09-01Sep15
RivaldoBrazilMidfielder1972-04-19Apr15
Roberto BaggioItalyAttacker1967-02-18Feb15
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan15
Antoine GriezmannFranceAttacker1991-03-21Mar24
Hans SchäferCWest GermanyAttacker1927-10-19Oct24
Henrik LarssonSwedenAttacker1971-09-20Sep24
Ivan PerišićCroatiaAttacker1989-02-02Feb24
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb24
Olivier GiroudFranceAttacker1986-09-30Sep24
Romelu LukakuBelgiumAttacker1993-05-13May24
Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesAttacker1909-11-04Nov14
Carlos BorgesUruguayAttacker1932-01-14Jan14
Christian VieriItalyAttacker1973-07-12Jul14
Dražan JerkovićYugoslaviaAttacker1936-08-06Aug14
Ferenc PuskásCHungaryAttacker1927-04-02Apr14
Flórián AlbertHungaryAttacker1941-09-15Sep14
Florin RăducioiuRomaniaAttacker1970-03-17Mar14
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct14
Helmut RahnWest GermanyAttacker1929-08-16Aug14
Jon Dahl TomassonDenmarkAttacker1976-08-29Aug14
Julián AlvarezArgentinaAttacker2000-01-31Jan14
Leonel SánchezChileAttacker1936-04-25Apr14
Mario MandžukićCroatiaAttacker1986-05-21May14
Martin DahlinSwedenAttacker1968-04-16Apr14
Nándor HidegkutiHungaryAttacker1922-03-03Mar14
Ottmar WalterWest GermanyAttacker1924-03-06Mar14
Robert BallamanSwitzerlandAttacker1926-06-21Jun14
Valentin IvanovSoviet UnionAttacker1934-11-19Nov14
VaváBrazilAttacker1934-11-12Nov14
Aleksandar MitrovićSerbiaAttacker1994-09-16Sep23
Andrej KramarićCroatiaAttacker1991-06-19Jun23
Eden HazardCBelgiumAttacker1991-01-07Jan23
Edinson CavaniUruguayAttacker1987-02-14Feb23
Fernando HierroCSpainMidfielder1968-03-23Mar23
Marc WilmotsCBelgiumMidfielder1969-02-22Feb23
Marcus RashfordEnglandAttacker1997-10-31Oct23
Salem Al-DawsariSaudi ArabiaMidfielder1991-08-19Aug23
Wahbi KhazriTunisiaAttacker1991-02-08Feb23
Youssef En-NesyriMoroccoAttacker1997-06-01Jun23
Adolf SchererCzechoslovakiaAttacker1938-05-05May13
Álvaro MorataSpainAttacker1992-10-23Oct13
AmarildoBrazilAttacker1939-06-29Jun13
Artem DzyubaRussiaAttacker1988-08-22Aug13
BebetoBrazilAttacker1964-02-16Feb13
Bukayo SakaEnglandAttacker2001-09-05Sep13
Burhan SargunTurkeyAttacker1929-02-11Feb13
Carlos PeucelleArgentinaAttacker1908-09-13Sep13
Cody GakpoNetherlandsAttacker1999-05-07May13
Dennis BergkampNetherlandsAttacker1969-05-10May13
Diego CostaSpainAttacker1988-10-07Oct13
Enner ValenciaCEcuadorAttacker1989-11-04Nov13
Ernst StojaspalAustriaAttacker1925-01-14Jan13
Fernando MorientesSpainAttacker1976-04-05Apr13
Fritz WalterCWest GermanyAttacker1920-10-31Oct13
Gheorghe HagiCRomaniaMidfielder1965-02-05Feb13
Gonçalo RamosPortugalAttacker2001-06-20Jun13
İlhan MansızTurkeyAttacker1975-08-10Aug13
Ivan BekYugoslaviaAttacker1909-10-29Oct13
José Luis CamineroSpainMidfielder1967-11-08Nov13
Juan HohbergUruguayAttacker1926-10-08Oct13
Lajos TichyHungaryMidfielder1935-03-21Mar13
Léopold AnoulBelgiumAttacker1922-08-19Aug13
Michael BallackGermanyMidfielder1976-09-26Sep13
Milan GalićCYugoslaviaMidfielder1938-03-08Mar13
Nat LofthouseEnglandAttacker1925-08-27Aug13
Oscar MíguezUruguayAttacker1927-12-05Dec13
Papa Bouba DiopSenegalMidfielder1978-01-28Jan13
PauletaPortugalAttacker1973-04-28Apr13
Peregrino AnselmoUruguayAttacker1902-04-30Apr13
PreguinhoCBrazilAttacker1905-02-08Feb13
RaúlSpainAttacker1977-06-27Jun13
RicharlisonBrazilAttacker1997-05-10May13
Robbie KeaneRepublic of IrelandAttacker1980-07-08Jul13
Suat MamatTurkeyAttacker1930-11-08Nov13
Theodor WagnerAustriaAttacker1927-08-06Aug13
Tomas BrolinSwedenAttacker1969-11-29Nov13
Yerry MinaColombiaDefender1994-09-23Sep13
Zoltán CziborHungaryAttacker1929-08-08Aug13
Ángel Di MaríaArgentinaMidfielder1988-02-14Feb22
Breel EmboloSwitzerlandAttacker1997-02-14Feb22
Bruno FernandesPortugalMidfielder1994-09-08Sep22
Claudio CaniggiaArgentinaAttacker1967-01-09Jan22

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record