Players analysis, in distribution.

What month were most goalkeepers born? Do attackers cluster differently from defenders? Where do the GOATs (Pelé, Maradona, Cruyff, Messi, CR7, R9…) fall on the curve — on the modal month or as outliers?

Tournament window — click to toggle
3,253
Players in window
148
Teams
22.0
Avg squad size
7
Tournaments
1930, 1934, 1938, 1958, 1986, 2006, 2010

Squads by position

Players in the selected window, split by role
GET /aggregates/players?years=1930,1934,1938,1958,1986,2006,2010

By confederation

Where the players come from
GET /aggregates/players?years=1930,1934,1938,1958,1986,2006,2010

Hemisphere split

Northern vs Southern hemisphere national teams
Northern2,571 (79.0%)
Southern682 (21.0%)
ApiTeam.country × hemisphere classification

Birth month, by position

One chart per role. GOAT pin-marks (gold dots above the bars) call out where iconic players sit. Look for the “relative-age effect” — many youth-academy systems privilege Q1 birthdays (Jan-Mar) for early physical development, and you sometimes see the same skew in elite squads.

Goalkeepers

Birth-month distribution + 1 GOAT marker
GK
Lev Yashin· Oct
Modal month: Jun41 players (10.1%). Range: 2641.

Defenders

Birth-month distribution + 2 GOAT markers
DF
Franz Beckenbauer· Sep
Fabio Cannavaro· Sep
Modal month: Feb95 players (10.4%). Range: 6095.

Midfielders

Birth-month distribution + 10 GOAT markers
MF
Bobby Charlton· Oct
Diego Maradona· Oct
Michel Platini· Jun
Zico· Mar
Zinedine Zidane· Jun
Ronaldinho· Mar
Kaká· Apr
Andrés Iniesta· May
Xavi Hernández· Jan
Luka Modrić· Sep
Modal month: Jan103 players (10.9%). Range: 59103.

Attackers

Birth-month distribution + 17 GOAT markers
FW
Pelé· Oct
Garrincha· Oct
Eusébio· Jan
Gerd Müller· Nov
Johan Cruyff· Apr
Karl-Heinz Rummenigge· Sep
Paolo Rossi· Sep
Romário· Jan
Ronaldo (R9)· Sep
Cristiano Ronaldo· Feb
Lionel Messi· Jun
Kylian Mbappé· Dec
Neymar· Feb
Robert Lewandowski· Aug
Mohamed Salah· Jun
Karim Benzema· Dec
Vinícius Jr· Jul
Modal month: Mar90 players (9.6%). Range: 7090.

All players

Every player from the 1930, 1934, 1938, 1958, 1986, 2006, 2010 squads. Search by name or filter by country, position, birth year or birth month. The C badge marks captains.

2,995 / 2,995
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
Just FontaineFranceAttacker1933-08-18Aug113
Miroslav KloseGermanyAttacker1978-06-09Jun29
David VillaSpainAttacker1981-12-03Dec28
LeônidasBrazilAttacker1913-11-06Nov28
Guillermo StábileArgentinaAttacker1905-01-17Jan18
Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaAttacker1909-12-25Dec27
György SárosiCHungaryAttacker1912-09-15Sep26
Gary LinekerEnglandAttacker1960-11-30Nov16
Helmut RahnWest GermanyAttacker1929-08-16Aug16
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct16
Lukas PodolskiGermanyAttacker1985-06-04Jun25
Wesley SneijderNetherlandsMidfielder1984-06-09Jun25
CarecaBrazilAttacker1960-10-05Oct15
Diego ForlánUruguayAttacker1979-05-19May15
Diego MaradonaCArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct15
Emilio ButragueñoSpainAttacker1963-07-22Jul15
Gyula ZsengellérHungaryAttacker1915-12-27Dec15
Pedro CeaUruguayAttacker1900-09-01Sep15
Peter McParlandNorthern IrelandAttacker1934-04-25Apr15
Silvio PiolaItalyAttacker1913-09-29Sep15
Thomas MüllerGermanyMidfielder1989-09-13Sep15
VaváBrazilAttacker1934-11-12Nov15
André AbegglenSwitzerlandAttacker1909-03-07Mar24
Asamoah GyanGhanaAttacker1985-11-22Nov24
Sven JonassonSwedenAttacker1909-07-09Jul24
Agne SimonssonSwedenAttacker1935-10-19Oct14
Alessandro AltobelliItalyAttacker1955-11-28Nov14
Angelo SchiavioItalyAttacker1905-10-15Oct14
Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesAttacker1909-11-04Nov14
Edmund ConenGermanyAttacker1914-11-10Nov14
Ernst WilimowskiPolandAttacker1916-06-23Jun14
Gino ColaussiItalyAttacker1914-03-04Mar14
Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaAttacker1987-12-10Dec14
Gustav WetterströmSwedenAttacker1911-10-15Oct14
Ihor BelanovSoviet UnionMidfielder1960-09-25Sep14
Jorge ValdanoArgentinaAttacker1955-10-04Oct14
Kurt HamrinSwedenMidfielder1934-11-19Nov14
Lajos TichyHungaryAttacker1935-03-21Mar14
Preben ElkjærDenmarkAttacker1957-09-11Sep14
Róbert VittekSlovakiaAttacker1982-04-01Apr14
Zdeněk ZikánCzechoslovakiaAttacker1937-11-10Nov14
Arjen RobbenNetherlandsMidfielder1984-01-23Jan23
Carlos TevezArgentinaAttacker1984-02-05Feb23
Fernando TorresSpainAttacker1984-03-20Mar23
Géza ToldiHungaryAttacker1909-02-11Feb23
Giuseppe MeazzaCItalyMidfielder1910-08-23Aug23
Jean NicolasFranceAttacker1913-06-09Jun23
Landon DonovanUnited StatesAttacker1982-03-04Mar23
Leopold KielholzSwitzerlandAttacker1911-06-09Jun23
Maxi RodríguezArgentinaMidfielder1981-01-02Jan23
Ștefan DobayRomaniaAttacker1909-09-26Sep23
Steven GerrardCEnglandMidfielder1980-05-30May23
Thierry HenryCFranceAttacker1977-08-17Aug23
Tim CahillAustraliaMidfielder1979-12-06Dec23
Arne NybergSwedenAttacker1913-06-20Jun13
Carlos PeucelleArgentinaAttacker1908-09-13Sep13
Hans SchäferCWest GermanyAttacker1927-10-19Oct13
Hernán CrespoArgentinaAttacker1975-07-05Jul13
Ivan BekYugoslaviaAttacker1909-10-29Oct13
Jan CeulemansCBelgiumMidfielder1957-02-28Feb13
Jesper OlsenDenmarkMidfielder1961-03-20Mar13
Luís FabianoBrazilAttacker1980-11-08Nov13
Luis SuárezUruguayAttacker1987-01-24Jan13
Nico ClaesenBelgiumAttacker1962-10-07Oct13
Oreste CorbattaArgentinaAttacker1936-03-11Mar13
PerácioBrazilAttacker1917-11-02Nov13
Peregrino AnselmoUruguayAttacker1902-04-30Apr13
PreguinhoCBrazilAttacker1905-02-08Feb13
Raimundo OrsiItalyAttacker1901-12-02Dec13
Raymond KopaFranceMidfielder1931-10-13Oct13
Roger PiantoniFranceAttacker1931-12-26Dec13
RonaldoBrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep13
Rudi VöllerWest GermanyAttacker1960-04-13Apr13
Todor VeselinovićYugoslaviaAttacker1930-10-22Oct13
Zinedine ZidaneCFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun13
Bernard VoorhoofBelgiumAttacker1910-05-10May32
Alexander FreiCSwitzerlandAttacker1979-07-15Jul22
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May22
Antonín PučCzechoslovakiaAttacker1907-05-16May22
Aruna DindaneIvory CoastAttacker1980-11-26Nov22
Bastian SchweinsteigerGermanyMidfielder1984-08-01Aug22
Clint DempseyUnited StatesMidfielder1983-03-09Mar22
Cristiano RonaldoCPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb22
Didier DrogbaCIvory CoastAttacker1978-03-11Mar22
Ernst LehnerGermanyAttacker1912-11-07Nov22
Giovanni FerrariItalyAttacker1907-12-06Dec22
Javier HernándezMexicoMidfielder1961-08-01Aug22
Jenő VinczeHungaryAttacker1908-11-20Nov22
Park Chu-youngSouth KoreaAttacker1985-07-10Jul22
Park Ji-sungCSouth KoreaMidfielder1981-03-30Mar22
Rafael MárquezCMexicoDefender1979-02-13Feb22
Robin van PersieNetherlandsAttacker1983-08-06Aug22
RobinhoBrazilAttacker1984-01-25Jan22
SimãoPortugalAttacker1979-10-31Oct22
Sulley MuntariGhanaMidfielder1984-08-27Aug22
TiagoPortugalMidfielder1981-05-02May22
Vincenzo IaquintaItalyAttacker1979-11-21Nov22
Abderrazak KhairiMoroccoAttacker1962-11-20Nov12
Abdulrahman FawziEgyptAttacker1909-08-11Aug12
Adolfo ZumelzúArgentinaMidfielder1902-01-05Jan12

GOAT reference

Curated. Inclusion in this list isn't a championship ranking — it's a span of Ballon-d'Or winners + nominees + commonly-cited GOATs across eras, used for the overlay above.

30 / 30
PlayerCountryPositionDOBBirth monthWCsGoals
PeléBrazilAttacker1940-10-23Oct0
GarrinchaBrazilAttacker1933-10-28Oct0
EusébioPortugalAttacker1942-01-25Jan0
Bobby CharltonEnglandMidfielder1937-10-11Oct0
Lev YashinSoviet UnionGoalkeeper1929-10-22Oct0
Gerd MüllerWest GermanyAttacker1945-11-03Nov0
Johan CruyffNetherlandsAttacker1947-04-25Apr0
Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanyDefender1945-09-11Sep0
Diego MaradonaArgentinaMidfielder1960-10-30Oct0
Michel PlatiniFranceMidfielder1955-06-21Jun0
ZicoBrazilMidfielder1953-03-03Mar0
Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyAttacker1955-09-25Sep0
Paolo RossiItalyAttacker1956-09-23Sep0
RomárioBrazilAttacker1966-01-29Jan0
Ronaldo (R9)BrazilAttacker1976-09-22Sep0
Zinedine ZidaneFranceMidfielder1972-06-23Jun0
RonaldinhoBrazilMidfielder1980-03-21Mar0
KakáBrazilMidfielder1982-04-22Apr0
Fabio CannavaroItalyDefender1973-09-13Sep0
Andrés IniestaSpainMidfielder1984-05-11May0
Xavi HernándezSpainMidfielder1980-01-25Jan0
Cristiano RonaldoPortugalAttacker1985-02-05Feb0
Lionel MessiArgentinaAttacker1987-06-24Jun0
Luka ModrićCroatiaMidfielder1985-09-09Sep0
Kylian MbappéFranceAttacker1998-12-20Dec0
NeymarBrazilAttacker1992-02-05Feb0
Robert LewandowskiPolandAttacker1988-08-21Aug0
Mohamed SalahEgyptAttacker1992-06-15Jun0
Karim BenzemaFranceAttacker1987-12-19Dec0
Vinícius JrBrazilAttacker2000-07-12Jul0

Hat-tricks (3+ goals in a match)

Every individual 3+ goal performance in World Cup history. Oleg Salenko's 5-goal haul in 1994 v Cameroon is the all-time single-match record.

#PlayerTeamOpponentStageYearGoals
1Oleg SalenkoRussiaCameroonGroup19945
2Ernst WilimowskiPolandBrazilRound of 1619384
3AdemirBrazilSwedenFinal round19504
4Sándor KocsisHungaryWest GermanyGroup19544
5EusébioPortugalNorth KoreaQuarter-final19664
6Emilio ButragueñoSpainDenmarkRound of 1619864
7Bert PatenaudeUnited StatesParaguayGroup19303
8Pedro CeaUruguayYugoslaviaSemi-final19303
9Guillermo StábileArgentinaMexicoGroup19303
10Edmund ConenGermanyBelgiumRound of 1619343
11Angelo SchiavioItalyUnited StatesRound of 1619343
12Oldřich NejedlýCzechoslovakiaGermanySemi-final19343
13LeônidasBrazilPolandRound of 1619383
14Gyula ZsengellérHungaryDutch East IndiesRound of 1619383
15Harry AnderssonSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
16Gustav WetterströmSwedenCubaQuarter-final19383
17Oscar MíguezUruguayBoliviaGroup19503
18Estanislao BasoraSpainUruguayFinal round19503
19Sándor KocsisHungarySouth KoreaGroup19543
20Erich ProbstAustriaCzechoslovakiaGroup19543
21Carlos BorgesUruguayScotlandGroup19543
22Suat MamatTurkeySouth KoreaGroup19543
23Josef HügiSwitzerlandAustriaQuarter-final19543
24Just FontaineFranceParaguayGroup19583
25Just FontaineFranceWest GermanyThird place19583
26PeléBrazilFranceSemi-final19583
27Florian AlbertHungaryBulgariaGroup19623
28Geoff HurstEnglandWest GermanyFinal19663
29Franz BeckenbauerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
30Helmut HallerWest GermanySwitzerlandGroup19663
31EusébioPortugalBrazilGroup19663
32Gerd MüllerWest GermanyBulgariaGroup19703
33Gerd MüllerWest GermanyPeruQuarter-final19703
34Andrzej SzarmachPolandHaitiGroup19743
35Dušan BajevićYugoslaviaZaireGroup19743
36Robbie RensenbrinkNetherlandsIranGroup19783
37Teófilo CubillasPeruIranGroup19783
38Karl-Heinz RummeniggeWest GermanyChileGroup19823
39Zbigniew BoniekPolandBelgiumSecond round19823
40László KissHungaryEl SalvadorGroup19823
41Paolo RossiItalyBrazilSecond round19823
42Gary LinekerEnglandPolandGroup19863
43Igor BelanovSoviet UnionBelgiumRound of 1619863
44Tomáš SkuhravýCzechoslovakiaCosta RicaRound of 1619903
45MíchelSpainSouth KoreaGroup19903
46Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaGreeceGroup19943
47Gabriel BatistutaArgentinaJamaicaGroup19983
48Miroslav KloseGermanySaudi ArabiaGroup20023
49PauletaPortugalPolandGroup20023
50Gonzalo HiguaínArgentinaSouth KoreaGroup20103
51Thomas MüllerGermanyPortugalGroup20143
52Xherdan ShaqiriSwitzerlandHondurasGroup20143
53Cristiano RonaldoPortugalSpainGroup20183
54Harry KaneEnglandPanamaGroup20183
55Gonçalo RamosPortugalSwitzerlandRound of 1620223
56Kylian MbappéFranceArgentinaFinal20223
56 hat-tricks · 6with 4+ goals · Salenko's 5 (1994) is the only 5-goal haul on record